【摘要】 目的 运动疗法在对老年人慢性病康复方面有着显著的作用，我们临床观察太极运动对老年患者运动能力的影响，探讨太极运动在老年慢性病患者中的应用价值。方法 观察病例来自河北医科大学第一医院康复科门诊和医院紧密医联体石家庄卫计委社区卫生管理中心裕华区社区卫生中心的老年慢性病患者60例。所有病例在原发慢性病的基础药物及对症治疗基础上，给予运动处方干预。按照干预方法的不同，以随机数字表分为对照组和观察组各30例，对照组运动方式采用下肢功率车，运动强度为低等强度，30 W，锻炼30～35 min/次。观察组运动方式采用赛制用42式太极拳，运动强度为低等强度，完成1遍时间10 min，运动时间30～35 min/次。两组均锻炼60次为一疗程(5次/周，共计12周)，在干预前后分别评估两组受试者各项运动能力指标，并做统计学分析。结果 治疗前两组患者6 min步行距离(6MWT)、呼吸困难程度、运动能量梅脱值、自觉疲劳度和简易体能状况评测(SPPB)的躯体平衡能力、4 m行走速度时间及定时端坐起立次数等比较均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后6MWT步行距离和运动能量梅脱值两组均有增加，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组增加更明显，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸困难程度和自觉疲劳度两组均有减轻，均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组减轻更明显，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。运动后SPPB指标比较，躯体平衡能力、4 m行走速度时间及定时间端坐起立的次数，两组均有增加，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组增加更明显，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 本研究显示通过运动能够提高老年患者健康体适能，对慢性病有一定的临床意义。尤其形式复杂，变化多样太极运动，符合人体生理运动机能，整体协调和平衡发展，可以作为中老年慢性病康复的重要医疗手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Exercise therapy plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic diseases.We observe the influence of Tai Chi exercise on the athletic ability of elderly patients and discuss the application value of Tai Chi exercise in elderly patients with chronic diseases. Methods Sixty elderly patients with chronic diseases were collected from the Rehabilitation Outpatient Department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Yuhua District Community Health Center of Shijiazhuang Community Health Management Center of Health and Family Planning Commission of Hebei Medical University.Exercise prescription intervention was given to all cases on the basis of basic drugs and symptomatic treatment of primary chronic diseases.According to different intervention methods,they were divided into control group and observation group by random number table,with 30 cases in each group.The exercise method of the control group was lower limb power vehicle,exercise intensity was low intensity,30 W,exercise 30 ～35 min/time.The exercise method of the observation group was 42 type Tai Chi in the competition system,and the exercise intensity was low intensity.The exercise time was 10 minutes once.Exercise time:30～35 min/time.Both groups exercised 60 times as a course(5 times/week,a total of 12 weeks).Various indicators of athletic ability of the subjects in both groups were evaluated before and after intervention,and statistical analysis was conducted. Results Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in 6-minute walking distance(6MWT),dyspnea degree,Merlot value of exercise energy,conscious fatigue,body balance ability of SPPB,4 m walking speed and times of regular sitting and standing up between 2 groups(P >0.05).After treatment,walking distance of 6MWT and Merlot value of exercise energy increased in both groups,with difference of statistical significance(P<0.05).The increase of the observation group was more obvious,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group( P <0.05).The degree of dyspnea and conscious fatigue were alleviated in both groups,with difference of statistical significance(P <0.05).The reduction was more obvious in the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant compared with control group(P<0.05).After exercise,SPPB index,body balance ability,4 m walking speed time and the number of sitting and standing up at fixed time increased in both groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The increase in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant compared with control group(P<0.05).Conclusion This study shows that exercise can improve the health and physical fitness of elderly patients and has certain clinical significance for chronic diseases.In particular,the form of Tai Chi exercise is complex and varied,which is in line with human physiological motor function,overall coordination and balanced development,and can be used as an important medical means for the rehabilitation of middle-aged and elderly chronic diseases.更多还原