【摘要】 目的 了解小学在校儿童的身体活动行为、运动相关健康信念与家庭因素的关系，为改善儿童身体活动行为，提高运动健康信念提供建议。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法，对北京市海淀区4所规模中等的小学五年级的505名小学生及其家长进行问卷调查，采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验、Spearman相关分析、多元线性回归的方法分析身体活动行为、运动健康信念情况及两者与家庭因素的关系。结果 受调查儿童平均每周完成60 min以上身体活动(4.8±2.1)d,达到7 d的人数占33.8%。儿童的感知到肥胖危害严重性、运动益处信念、运动障碍信念和运动自我效能的得分分别为(11.64±3.25)分、(12.62±2.25)分、(10.95±3.87)分和(13.00±2.37)分，且身体活动行为良好的儿童运动健康信念较好。多元线性回归分析结果显示，家长的支持行为(β=0.271,P<0.001)、家长的身体活动行为(β=0.135,P=0.004)、家长的运动益处信念(β=0.127,P=0.006)是儿童主动锻炼行为的促进因素；家庭亲密度(β=0.276,P<0.001)、家长支持行为(β=0.176,P=0.001)是儿童运动自我效能提升的促进因素；家庭亲密度是儿童运动障碍信念的限制因素(β=-0.305,P<0.001)。结论 家长的支持，家庭亲密程度，以及家长的运动益处信念是促进小学在校儿童身体活动行为的主要因素。家庭亲密度对儿童运动健康信念有促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the relationships among physical activity behaviors, sports health beliefs and family environment factors of children in urban primary school, and to provide evidence for improving children′s physical activity behaviors and health beliefs.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 505 children of Grade 5 in primary schools in Haidian district, as well as their parents. Physical activity behaviors, sports health beliefs, and their correlation with family environment factors were analyzed by the methods of Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression model.Results The average number of days that children did more than 60 minutes physical activity in a day was(4.81±2.06) days/week, and 33.8% of the students did in all 7 days/week. The mean scores for children perceived the severity of obesity, benefits of exercise, barriers of exercise and exercise self-efficacy were(11.64±3.25),(12.62±2.25),(10.95±3.87),(13.00±2.37),respectively. And children with good physical activity behaviors had better health beliefs. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed parents′ supportive behaviors(β=0.271,P<0.001),parents′ physical activity behaviors(β=0.135,P=0.004),and parents′ perceived benefits of exercise(β=0.127,P=0.006) were promote factors of children′s good physical activity behaviors. Family intimacy(β=0.276,P<0.001) and parent supportive behaviors(β=0.176,P=0.001) were the promote factors of children′s perceived self-efficacy. Family intimacy was the limiting factor of children′s perceived barriers(β=-0.305,P<0.001). Conclusion Parents′ support, family intimacy, and parents′ sports benefit beliefs all contribute to children′s physical activity behaviors, and family intimacy contribute to children′s sports health beliefs.更多还原