【摘要】 目的 研究儿童腹痛的妇科问题。方法 回顾性选取2018年7月至2021年10月九江市妇幼保健院0～14岁女性患儿40例，分析40例患儿的临床特征、检查结果、治疗及转归，统计分析不同年龄患儿的病因分布情况。结果 40例患儿中，腹部B超检查异常0例，正常40例；盆腔超声检查异常20例，正常20例；手术探查及病理检查异常20例，正常20例。在病因方面，卵巢肿瘤16例，生殖道先天性畸形14例，盆腔炎症5例，卵巢蒂扭转2例，卵巢黄体破裂2例，阴道或处女膜闭锁1例，其中0～8岁患儿的卵巢肿瘤、生殖道先天性畸形、盆腔炎症发生率均低于9～14岁患儿（P<0.05），但0～8岁、9～14岁患儿的卵巢蒂扭转、卵巢黄体破裂、阴道或处女膜闭锁发生率之间的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在治疗及转归方面，手术治疗37例，占总数的92.50%，其中单纯手术治疗34例，手术联合化疗3例，分别占85.00%、7.50%；保守治疗3例，占总数的7.50%。均好转出院，好转出院率为100.00%。结论 儿童以腹痛为首要或唯一表现的妇科疾病患儿数量随着年龄增长不断增加，盆腔超声联合妇科检查能够对病变进行准确诊断，将有效依据提供给手术确诊与治疗。儿童期常见妇科检查与儿保门诊筛查能够帮助临床早期发现并诊治儿童生殖道畸形与肿瘤。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the gynecological problems of abdominal pain in children. Methods A retrospective study of 40 female children aged 0-14 years in Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiangxi Province from July 2018 to October 2021 was performed to analyze the clinical characteristics, examination results, treatment and outcome of the 40 children, and to statistically analyze the distribution of etiology in children of different ages. Results Among the 40 children, the abdominal B-ultrasound examination was abnormal in 0 child and normal in 40 children.Pelvic ultrasonography was abnormal in 20 children and normal in 20 children. Surgical exploration and pathological examination were abnormal in 20 children and normal in 20 children. In terms of etiology, 16 children were found with ovarian tumor; 14 children were found with congenital deformity of reproductive tract; 5 children were found with pelvic inflammation; 2 children were found with torsion of ovarian pedicle; 2 children were found with luteal rupture of ovary;1 child was found with atresia of vagina or hymen. The incidences of ovarian tumor, congenital malformation of genital tract and pelvic inflammation in 0-8 years old children were lower than those in 9-14 years old children(P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the incidences of torsion of ovarian pedicle, luteal rupture of ovary, vaginal or hymen atresia between 0-8 years old and 9-14 years old children(P>0.05). In terms of treatment and outcome, 37children were treated with surgery, accounting for 92.50% of the total, including 34 children treated with surgery alone,and 3 children treated with surgery combined with chemotherapy, accounting for 85.00% and 7.50%, respectively.Three children(7.50%) were treated conservatively. All patients were discharged after recovery, and the rate was100.00%. Conclusion The number of children with abdominal pain as the primary or only manifestation of gynecological diseases increases with age. Pelvic ultrasound combined with gynecological examination can accurately diagnose the lesions and provide effective basis for surgical diagnosis and treatment. Common gynecological examination and children healthcare outpatient screening in childhood can help early detection, diagnosis and treatment of children′s reproductive tract malformations and tumors.更多还原