【摘要】 弹性垫在减振和隔震领域应用广泛，为了提高弹性垫的阻尼，提出一种具有空气阻尼的网孔式弹性垫结构。利用材料的弹性差异，在网孔式弹性垫不同材质层内形成主气室和附气室，两个气室之间用节流孔联通。建立了空气阻尼网孔式弹性垫减振单元的理论模型，研究发现节流孔孔径、气室体积比是影响弹性垫刚度和阻尼的关键参数。有限元计算结果表明随着节流孔孔径的增大，弹性垫的动刚度随之增大，阻尼的变化趋势与刚度相反；减小气室体积比，弹性垫的动刚度会随之减小，而阻尼比会增大。节流孔孔径和气室体积比对弹性垫阻尼的影响比刚度明显，其中气室体积比对阻尼的影响最为显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Elastic cushions are widely used in fields of vibration reduction and isolation. Here, to improve damping of elastic cushion, a mesh type elastic cushion structure with air damping was proposed. Taking advantage of elastic difference of materials, the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber were formed inside different material layers of mesh type elastic cushion, and the two air chambers were connected with orifices. The theoretical model for air damping mesh type elastic cushion vibration reduction element was established. The study showed that orifice diameter and air chamber volume ratio are key parameters affecting stiffness and damping of elastic cushion. Finite element computation results showed that with increase in orifice diameter, dynamic stiffness of elastic cushion increases, while its damping change trend is opposite; with decrease in air chamber volume ratio, elastic cushion dynamic stiffness decreases while its damping ratio increases; effects of orifice diameter and air chamber volume ratio on elastic cushion damping are more obvious than effects of its stiffness, and effects of air chamber volume ratio on elastic cushion damping is the most significant.更多还原