【摘要】 理论与实践是思想政治教育的基本范畴之一，辨析、厘清“理论需要”与“实践需要”的关系，并将两者统一是思想政治教育的内在命题。马克思在《〈黑格尔法哲学批判〉导言》中，通过“当代哲学同时代人”“不是当代历史同时代人”,阐明了“理论需要”与“实践需要”的内在规定以及两者的剥离状态，指出解决德国革命的重大困难关键在于“理论需要是否直接成为实践需要”。实现“理论需要”与“实践需要”的统一，必须基于彻底的理论，经过“搏斗式的批判”与“揭露”,使思想彻底击中无产阶级，将理论付诸实践。其中蕴涵了严密的思想政治教育逻辑，为思想政治教育提供了理论依据和文本支撑。新时代思想政治教育要正确把握“理论需要”与“实践需要”的关系，做到守正创新、敢于亮剑、学以致用，在实践中积极推进两者的统一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Theory and practice is one of the basic categories of the ideological and political education. It is an internal proposition of ideological and political education to distinguish and clarify the relationship between “theoretical needs” and “practical needs” and to unify them. Marx, in his “Introduction to The Critique to Hegel’s Philosophy of Law”, clarifies the requirements and separation of “theoretical needs” and “practical needs” through “contemporary philosophy contemporaries” and “not contemporary historical contemporaries” and points out that the key difficulty of the German revolution lies in whether the theoretical need becomes the practical need directly, and that to realize the unity of the two needs, we must rely on a thorough theory, “fighting criticism” and “exposing” to make the thought completely hit the proletariat and put the theory into practice. These statements contain strict logic of the ideological and political education, which provide theoretical basis and text support for the ideological and political education. The ideological and political education in the new era should correctly grasp the relationship between “theoretical needs” and “practical needs”, be honest and innovative, undaunted in face of difficulties, and ready to apply what we have learned, so as to actively promote the unity of the two in practice.更多还原