【摘要】 目的 探究不同采收季节和生长年限对广东省肇庆市德庆地区何首乌蒽醌类化合物含量的影响。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱（UPLC-MS/MS），测定何首乌中大黄素-1-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、大黄素-8-O-（6’-甲基丙二酰）吡喃葡萄糖苷、大黄素-6-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄素甲醚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、大黄素甲醚-8-O-（6’-甲基丙二酰）吡喃葡萄糖苷、大黄素-1-甲醚、大黄素、大黄素甲醚共9种蒽醌类成分的含量，归纳总结其随采收季节和种植年限的变化趋势。结果 秋季采收样品9种蒽醌总量介于1 465.82～1 707.76μg·g^-1之间，远低于春季(2 826.56～3 100.61μg·g^-1)和夏季(3 616.38～5 777.23μg·g^-1)采收样品；除大黄素甲醚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和大黄素甲醚-8-O-（6’-甲基丙二酰）吡喃葡萄糖苷的含量随季节变化呈现逐渐下降趋势外，其余7种成分春夏升高、入秋后急剧降低；种植3～4年后，何首乌中大黄素、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷等成分出现含量谷值；秋季作为传统采收季节，其4年生样品中大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和大黄素甲醚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷在4年生何首乌中含量最高。结论 采收季节对蒽醌类成分含量的影响大于生长年限；以蒽醌类成分作为肝毒性指标，秋季采收样品含量低于春夏采收样品，为适宜采收期，与药典规定相符；3～4年生何首乌蒽醌类化合物含量较低，其含量变化规律可指导药材的种植采收。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effects of different harvest seasons and years of growth on contents of anthraquinone in Polygoni Multiflori Radix（PM） grown in Deqing District, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province. Methods The contents of nine types of anthraquinones, including emodin-1-O-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin-8-O-（6’-methylmalonyl）-glucopyranoside, emodin-6-O-glucoside, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside, physcion-8-O-（6’-methylmalonyl）-glucopyranoside, 1-methyl emodin, emodin, and physcion were determined while the data on seasons of harvest and years of growth of Polygoni Multiflori Radix was collected. Results The total amounts of nine anthraquinones in the samples collected in autumn ranged from 1 465.82 to 1 707.76 μg·g^-1, which were much lower than those of the samples collected in spring(ranging from 2 826.56 to 3 100.61 μg·g^-1) and summer(ranging from 3 616.38 to 5 777.23 μg·g^-1). The contents of anthraquinone in physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside and physcion-8-O-（6’-methylmalonyl）-glucopyranoside trended down with the season, while those of the other seven anthraquinons increased in spring and summer, but decreased sharply in autumn. The contents of emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and other components in PM that had grown for three to four years were low. The contents of emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside in the four-year-old samples collected in autumn were the highest. Conclusion The season of harvest has a more significant effect on the content of anthraquinones than years of growth. With anthraquinones as an index of liver toxicity, the content of anthraquinones collected in autumn is lower than that of samples collected in spring and summer, so autumn is a good season for harvest as is defined in the Pharmacopoeia. The contents of anthraquinones in PM grown for three to four years are relatively low.更多还原