【摘要】 2016年，在吉林省东部坡耕地玉米生产上设计秸秆覆盖还田+覆盖作物(T1)、秸秆深翻还田+覆盖作物(T2)、秸秆粉耙还田+覆盖作物(T3)、秸秆离田(CK)4种种植方式的定位试验，通过玉米秸秆还田结合种植覆盖作物解决冬季土壤裸露、培肥地力、改善玉米生产等问题。2019～2020年，分析不同处理方式对玉米农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明，与CK处理相比，T1、T2和T3处理对株高、叶数、SPAD值、干物质积累均有提高。在拔节期和开花期，T3处理的叶面积指数对比CK显著提高。在成熟期，T1、T2和T3处理比CK显著增加千粒重，增幅均在5%以上(P<0.05)。各秸秆处理的产量对比CK均有显著增加，其中，T3处理为最佳处理。利用秸秆还田结合覆盖作物的种植方式有利于地上部生物量和养分的积累，进而提高产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2016, four planting methods including covering of fields with the straws and cover crops(T1),straw deep tillage returning and cover crops(T2), straw incorporation into field by smashing and harrowing and cover crops(T3) and straw leaving(CK) were designed for maize production in slope farmland in eastern Jilin province. By returning maize straw to field and planting cover crops, the problems of soil bare in winter, soil fertility improvement and maize production improvement were solved. From 2019 to 2020, the effects of different treatments on agronomic traits and yield of maize were analyzed. The results showed that T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased plant height,leaf number, SPAD value and dry matter accumulation compared with CK treatment. The leaf area index of T3 was significantly higher than that of CK at jointing stage and flowering stage. At maturity stage, T1, T2 and T3 significantly increased the 1000-grain weight compared with CK, and the increase rate was more than 5%(P<0.05). At the same time, the yield of all treatments increased significantly compared with CK, T3 is the best choice. In conclusion, using straw mulching combined with cover crops can be beneficial to the accumulation of aboveground biomass and nutrients, and then increase the yield.更多还原