【摘要】 针对海表状态在线数据的实时获取这一海洋学亟待解决的问题，提出利用数字图像处理技术和统计学方法从资源三号光学影像中提取海浪谱的能量谱、峰度和偏度等分析海表状态。根据海浪能量谱的主方向和能量谱曲线上极值转折点数，研究海表状态的复杂度；由海浪谱的峰度和偏度的极值及它们的曲线形状，判断海表状态分布；再结合光学影像中海浪的空间特征和实验区域的海水深度，确定海况类型及成因，实现海表状态和成因的分析。实验结果显示，单、交叉、多海况的海表状态与欧洲中期预报数据中统计的有效波高、波龄等参数适应的海表状态一致，是有效的。该方法为实时监测海表状态、航运安全和海上救援等提供了基础数据和新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The real-time acquisition of online data of the sea surface state is a pressing question of oceanography. Using digital processing technique and statistics method, this paper presents a method of analyzing sea surface state based on ZY-3 optical images by the wave spectrum energy, kurtosis, skewness etc of the sea wave spectrum. The complex of sea wave state is gained by the main direction of sea wave spectrum energy and the numbers of turning points in their curves; the sea surface distribution is determined by the maximum values of the kurtosis and skewness of sea wave spectrum; based on the above two conclusions, combine the special characteristics of sea wave from ZY-3 images and the water depth of test areas to ascertain the type of sea wave and their causes. The test results show the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper in analyzing the single, double, and multiple sea state by comparing the sea surface is in accord with the significant wave height and wave age from ECMWF data, which provides basic data and a new idea for real-time monitoring of sea surface status, shipping safety and maritime rescue.更多还原