【摘要】 近年来，随着医学技术的不断进步，肿瘤患者治疗后生存率不断提高，越来越多的年轻肿瘤患者开始关注肿瘤治愈后的生育问题。对于青春期前及需要紧急放化疗的青少年或生育期女性患者，卵巢组织冻存及移植技术是当前保存其生育力的唯一选择。尽管目前该技术在中国部分医疗机构已经作为临床常规项目开展，但绝大多数医疗机构仍处于临床试验研究阶段，在临床实践中仍然存在技术上和伦理上的许多挑战。对施行人卵巢组织冻存及移植技术在临床实践中需要遵循的伦理原则进行探讨，对相应伦理问题进行简析。在施行此技术时应在确保不推迟患者肿瘤治疗的同时，严格遵守适应证，充分尊重患者的意愿，做到真实、充分的知情同意。对未成年患者更应积累足够的经验，以充分保障未成年患者的权益，推动国家相关法律法规的建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the continuous progress of medical technology, the survival rate of cancer patients after treatment has been continuously improved, and more and more young cancer patients begin to pay attention to the fertility problem after survival. For prepubertal or adolescent cancer patients who require urgent chemoradiotherapy, and for reproductive female patients, ovarian tissue cryopreservation(OTC) follows by transplantation is the only option to preserve their fertility at present. Although the OTC technology has been carried out as a routine clinical project in a few medical institutions in China, it is still in the stage of clinical trial research in majority medical institutions. There are still many technical and ethical challenges in clinical practice of OTC technology. Therefore, this paper discussed the ethical principles that should be followed in clinical practice of human OTC and transplantation, and briefly analyzed the corresponding ethical issues. When implementing this technology, the indications should be followed strictly, the wishes of patients should be respected and true and full informed consent should be obtained while ensuring that the cancer treatment of patients is not delayed. Besides, it is significants to accumulate enough experience for minor patients to fully protect their rights and interests and promote the construction of relevant national laws and regulations.更多还原