【摘要】 为获得小麦高抗穗发芽种质资源并阐明其遗传背景。以秋收后冬小麦播种前，大田刚萌发出土的野生麦苗为试材，进行集中移栽种植，观测生长一致性、遗传稳定性，淘汰遗传尚不稳定株系，对获得的118个遗传稳定的野生麦苗系进行综合农艺性状调查和穗发芽抗性测定，选出4个综合农艺性状好且高抗穗发芽的种质系。利用SSR分子标记技术分析4个种质系、节节麦及收集野生麦苗地块前5～10年间本地块主栽小麦品种的基因组DNA。通过以上研究，发现有78.8%的野生麦苗系都高抗穗发芽，其中19.5%的野生麦苗系的穗发芽率为0；通过SSR分子标记分析发现4个高抗穗发芽种质系是节节麦和以前主栽小麦品种的杂交后代。收集、移栽、选择、鉴定秋后大田野生麦苗是一条获得小麦抗穗发芽种质资源的新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aims are to obtain the wheat germplasm resources with high resistance to pre-harvest sprouting(PHS) and to clarify the genetic background. After autumn harvest before winter wheat planting, the newly emerged wild wheat seedlings in field were used as test materials. The centralized transplanting cultivation, and growth consistency and genetic stability observation were used to eliminate the strains with unstable inheritance. The comprehensive agronomic characters of 118 wild wheat seedlings with genetic stability were investigated, and the PHS resistance was determined. 4 germplasm lines with good comprehensive agronomic characters and high resistance to PHS were selected. SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genomic DNA of the 4 germplasm lines, Aegilops tauschii Coss. and local main wheat varieties planted in 5-10 years before wild wheat seedlings. The results showed that 78.8% of the wild wheat seedling lines were highly resistant to PHS, and 19.5% of the wild wheat seedling lines had a PHS rate of 0. The 4 germplasm lines with high resistance to PHS were found to be the hybrids of Aegilops tauschii Coss. and the former main wheat varieties by SSR molecular marker analysis. Collecting, transplanting and identifying wild wheat seedlings in field after autumn could be a new way to obtain wheat germplasm resources resistant to PHS.更多还原