【摘要】 【目的】研究大麦种质资源遗传多样性，提高大麦种质资源利用效率，为新疆大麦品种选育和品种改良提供参考依据。【方法】以157份国内外大麦品种(系)为材料，分析14个主要农艺性状进行遗传多样性。【结果】6个质量性状的遗传多样性指数变幅为0.18～0.65,平均值为0.41,穗姿和株型多样性较丰富；8个数量性状的遗传多样性指数变幅为1.37～2.04,变异系数差为4.07%～24.69%,平均值为1.89,表型多样性丰富；8个质量性状之间相互影响，彼此关联；前3个特征值的主成分，累计贡献率达73.351%。【结论】157份材料分成4大类群，第Ⅰ类为高千粒重型资源，第Ⅱ类为矮杆大粒型资源，第Ⅲ类高秆多穗长穗型资源，第Ⅳ类表现为少穗多粒型资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 Understanding and mastering the genetic diversity of germplasm resources is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of barley germplasm resources in this region.【Methods】 In this study, 157 domestic and foreign barley germplasm resources were used as materials to analyze the genetic diversity of its 14 main agronomic traits. 【Results】 6 qualitative traits had a wide range of genetic diversity indexes, ranging from 0.18 to 0.65, with an average of 0.41. The diversity of ear pose and plant type was abundant; the coefficients of variation of 8 quantitative traits had obvious differences, and the range of variation was 0.41. The range of genetic diversity index was 4.07%-24.69%, the range of genetic diversity index was 1.37-2.04, and the average value was 1.89. There was rich phenotypic diversity; the correlation analysis results showed that the 8 quality traits influenced each other and were related to each other; The principal components of the first 3 eigenvalues were selected for analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 73.351%. 【Conclusion】 Cluster analysis divides 157 materials into 4 major groups, the first type is high-thousand-grain heavy resources, and the second type is short-stem large-grain resources. Type Ⅲ resources belongs to high stalks, multiple ears and long ears, and type Ⅳ resources has fewer ears and more grains.更多还原