【摘要】 针对中国浅层及中深层稠油油藏，利用数值模拟研究方法，研究了不同稠油油藏的蒸汽驱开发规律和蒸汽驱中后期的剩余油分布特征，明确了稠油油藏蒸汽驱中后期的提高采收率方式。研究结果表明：浅层稠油油藏与中深层稠油油藏蒸汽驱的开发规律基本一致。驱替阶段生产效果好、产量高且稳定、油汽比高、含水率低；蒸汽突破后的开发阶段也是蒸汽驱开发的重要阶段，但是该阶段油汽比明显低于驱替阶段，表明该阶段蒸汽热效率明显降低。不同稠油油藏的剩余油分布特征类似，均表现出明显的垂向动用差异特征，即油层上部动用程度高，剩余油饱和度低，油层下部动用程度低，剩余油饱和度高，下部油层是剩余油挖潜的主要对象。从下到上逐层上返开发和多介质辅助是提高蒸汽驱中后期采收率的有效方式。研究结果对同类油藏开发具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at shallow and medium-deep heavy oil reservoirs in China, numerical simulation is used to reveal the steam flooding development pattern in different types of heavy oil reservoirs, and the distribution characteristics of the residual oil in the mid-late stages of steam flooding. Besides, the enhanced oil recovery method of mid-late-stage steam flooding of heavy oil reservoirs is elucidated. The results show that the steam flooding development pattern in the shallow heavy oil reservoirs is basically the same as that in the medium-deep heavy oil reservoirs. In the displacement stage, the performance is good with high and stable oil rate, high oil steam ratio(OSR), and low water cut. The development stage(after steam breakthrough) is also important for steam flooding development, but the oil steam ratio is obviously lower than that in the displacement stage, indicating that the steam thermal efficiency is markedly lower in this stage. Distribution characteristics of the residual oil in different heavy oil reservoirs are similar, showing clear vertical differences, i.e., the development degree of the upper pay zone is high with low residual oil saturation, while that of the lower pay zone is low with high residual oil saturation. The lower pay zone is the main target zone for residual oil extraction. Layer by layer reverse development(from bottom to top) and multi-component assistance are effective tools for the enhanced oil recovery(EOR) of mid-late-stage steam flooding. Our finding is of great significance to the development of similar reservoirs.更多还原