【摘要】 先天性免疫系统是人体对抗细菌入侵的最前沿防线，中性粒细胞作为其主要的免疫细胞可捕获并吞噬降解细菌，对于维持机体的健康不可或缺。部分病原菌(链球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌、克雷伯氏菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、结核分枝杆菌等)已经进化出能够在胞外和胞内逃逸中性粒细胞的杀伤机制，甚至利用细胞作为其生存繁殖的场所，如干扰中性粒细胞募集与吞噬作用、降解胞外诱捕网、抑制活性氧与抗菌肽的产生以及操控细胞寿命与死亡机制等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The innate immune system is the forefront defense against bacterial invasion in human body. Neutrophils, as major immune cells, can capture and phagocytose bacteria, which are indispensable for maintaining the health of the body. Pathogens such as Streptococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have evolved multiple mechanisms to circumvent killing by neutrophils outside and inside the cells, even taking cells as their survival and breeding sites. These mechanisms include interfering with neutral granulocyte collection and phagocytosis, degrading neutrophil extracellular traps, inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen and antimicrobial peptides, and manipulating the life-span and death of cells.更多还原