【摘要】 使用湿法刻蚀方式将Ti₃AlC₂刻蚀剥离成单/少层Ti₃C₂T_x MXene纳米片，采用电化学还原法制备枝状Co，然后以亲水的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜为基底通过真空抽滤制备Ti₃C₂T_x/枝状Co/PVDF复合光热膜。对复合材料的结构和形貌进行表征，研究了复合光热膜的光吸收性能和界面蒸发性能。结果表明，在模拟1个太阳光照下(光照强度为1 kW·m^-2),Ti₃C₂T_x/枝状Co/PVDF复合光热膜的光吸收率达到95.3%，纯水蒸发速率达到1.78 kg·m^-2·h^-1，界面蒸发效率高达97.5%。此外，还测试了在模拟海水中的界面蒸发性能，蒸发冷凝得到的水达到世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国环境保护署（EPA）饮用水标准，蒸发速率达到1.61 kg·m^-2·h^-1，循环5次后稳定在1.59 kg·m^-2·h^-1。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this work, Ti₃AlC₂ was etched and exfoliated into few-layer of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene nanosheets using wet etching. Then, dendritic Co was prepared by electrochemical reduction, and afterwards Ti₃C₂T_x/dendritic Co/PVDF composite photothermal membrane was prepared by vacuum filtration utilizing hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF） membrane as substrate. The structure and morphology of the composites were characterized, as well as the optical absorption and interfacial evaporation properties of the composite photothermal membrane were studied. The results displayed that under the simulated one solar light(the light intensity was 1 kW·m^-2), the light absorptivity of Ti₃C₂T_x/dendritic Co/PVDF composite photothermal membrane was 95.3%, the evaporation rate of pure water reached 1.78 kg·m^-2·h^-1, and the efficiency of interface evaporation was as high as 97.5%. In addition, the performance of interfacial evaporation in simulated seawater was accordingly tested. The water obtained by evaporation and condensation meets the drinking water standards of World Health Organization（WHO） and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）, and the evaporation rate reached 1.61 kg·m^-2·h^-1, which was stable at 1.59 kg·m^-2·h^-1 after five cycles.更多还原