【摘要】 基于低成本、无毒害、光吸收性强的四氧化三铁（Fe₃O₄）和大比表面、高稳定性的水滑石（LDHs），制备了Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs（M=Zn、Co、Ni）复合物并用于典型偶氮染料亚甲基蓝的光催化降解。通过X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、紫外可见（UV-Vis）吸收光谱、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）以及N2吸附-脱附测试表征了复合材料的组成与结构。光催化实验表明，最佳反应条件为催化剂用量50 mg、光照强度500 W、pH=9、反应温度40℃，此时，Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率从LDHs的23.2%大幅提升到87.0%。LDHs对亚甲基蓝的降解主要来自·OH，而Fe₃O₄@CoAl-LDHs光降解活性的贡献主要由·OH和空穴提供。此外，LDHs和Fe₃O₄@CoAl-LDHs的电化学性质也存在较大差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on low-cost, non-toxic, and strong light absorption ferric oxide（Fe₃O₄） and layered double hydroxides（LDHs） with large specific surface and high stability, Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs（M=Zn, Co, Ni） composites were prepared and used for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. The composition and structure of the composites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, and N₂ adsorption-desorption test. The optimum conditions were as follows: the amount of catalyst was 50 mg, the light intensity was 500 W, the pH value was 9, and the reaction temperature was 40 ℃. The degradation rate of methylene blue increased significantly from 23.2% of LDHs to87.0% of Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs. The degradation of methylene blue by LDHs mainly comes from ·OH, while the photodegradation activity of Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs is mainly contributed by both ·OH and holes. In addition, there were also great differences in the electrochemical properties of LDHs and Fe₃O₄@MAl-LDHs.更多还原