【摘要】 随着科研治理范式的转型，科研绩效拨款机制作为科研评价与经费拨款的结合，成为新自由主义理念下的创新型制度之一。科研绩效拨款机制依据科研绩效评价结果决定经费拨款，具有问责性、动态性和透明性特征。西方国家在长期制度实践中形成了以同行评议为主的英国模式、以量化评估为主的澳大利亚模式、混合量化评估和同行评议的新西兰模式三种典型模式。借鉴国外此机制的政策设计，我国应立足于科研管理与财政拨款实践，拓宽科研评价绩效内涵，从科研投入-过程-结构-产出-效果多维指标层面构建科研评价体系，把握科研“量”与“质”要素间的互变逻辑，形成学科评估与经费拨款相适应的治理框架；重视研究生教育及科研训练，建立成本补偿与绩效激励兼具的经费支持机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the transformation of research governance paradigm,the performancebased research funding system,as the combination of research evaluation and funding allocation,has become one of the innovative systems under the new liberalism. The performance-based research funding system is determined according to the results of research performance evaluation,which is characterized by accountability,dynamic and transparency. In the long-term institutional practice,western countries have formed three typical models:the British model based on peer review,the Australian model based on quantitative assessment and the New Zealand model of mixed quantitative assessment and peer review.Drawing lessons from foreign policy design of this mechanism,China should broaden the connotation of research evaluation performance,construct research evaluation system from the level of research input-process-structure-output-effect multidimensional index,grasp the interchange logic between the elements of research "quantity" and "quality",form a governance framework that is suitable for subject evaluation and funding allocation,and attach importance to postgraduate education and research training,and establish a financial support mechanism with both cost compensation and performance incentive.更多还原