【摘要】 美国写作工作坊为写作教学提供了别样理念和具体可操作实践。它将写作看作是一个动态、发展的过程。基于对不同学段美国写作工作坊的考量，我们发现各学段存在着共性和差异。“迷你课堂阶段、个人写作阶段、非正式同伴讨论阶段、分享作品阶段”构成写作工作坊的四个主要阶段。学生中心、师生及生生互动支持、真实读者面向以及作家身份导向作为写作工作坊的实施条件。以上两点是各学段写作工作坊的共同之处。而在具体实施细节上，写作秩序、写作体裁以及教师支持这三个方面，不同学段呈现出不同特征。写作工作坊在各学段实施的共性和差异值得研究与学习。在实施效果方面，美国写作工作坊既能激发学生写作的内在动力，又能促使学生掌握外在的写作技法，从而完成作家素养的习得。更多还原

【Abstract】 American writing workshops provide different ideas and practical practices for writing teaching.It regards writing as a dynamic and developing process. Based on the consideration of the American writing workshops of different students,we find that there are commonalities and differences in each study section. The writing workshop consists of four main stages:mini-class stage,personal writing stage,informal peer discussion stage and sharing stage. Student center,interaction between teachers and students,real reader orientation and writer identity orientation are the implementation conditions of the writing workshop. The above two points are common in each section writing workshop. In terms of implementation details,writing order,writing style and teacher support show different characteristics. The commonness and difference of writing workshops in each learning period are worth studying and learning. In terms of implementation effect,American writing workshops can not only stimulate students’ internal motivation for writing,but also promote students to master external writing techniques,so as to complete the acquisition of writer’s quality.更多还原