【摘要】 乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）攻击肝脏，可以引起急性、慢性肝病，并导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌。虽然乙肝疫苗已广泛使用，治疗方法也在不断进步，但HBV仍威胁着人类的健康。最近研究表明，微小RNA (miRNA)已经成为基因功能的重要调节剂。关于miRNA在乙型肝炎病毒基因表达方面的调控作用是现代抗病毒研究的重点。miRNA可以调控病毒复制和发病机制，包括直接或间接抑制，激活免疫反应，表观遗传调节等等，这些机制可以适当地与诊断或治疗方法一起使用。文章主要总结了miRNA在乙肝生物学方面的不同作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hepatitis B virus(HBV) attacking the liver can cause acute or chronic liver disease, and leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although HBV vaccine has been widely used and treatments for hepatitis B are being constantly improved, HBV still threatens human health. Recently, it has been shown that microRNAs(miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of gene function. Regulation of gene expression of hepatitis B virus by miRNAs is the focus of recent antiviral studies research. MiRNAs can regulate viral replication and pathogenesis, including direct repression or indirect repression, activation of immune responses, epigenetic regulation, and so on, which can be appropriately used in diagnostic or therapeutic approaches. This article mainly summarizes the different roles of miRNAs in the biology of hepatitis B.更多还原