【摘要】 基于膜法苦咸水淡化技术和实验，对比反渗透膜和纳滤膜的除盐性能，确认利用光伏发电的膜法苦咸水淡化系统的运行特性，优化设计光伏阵列和储能单元的配套容量。中盐度苦咸水的淡化实验结果表明：基于光伏发电技术，采用反渗透膜的苦咸水淡化系统（下文简称为“反渗透系统”）的除盐率高，而采用纳滤膜的苦咸水淡化系统（下文简称为“纳滤系统”）的淡化效果取决于纳滤膜的选型。选用离子截留率高的纳滤膜VNF2后，虽然纳滤系统产水的电导率约为反渗透系统的4～7倍，但产水的总溶解固体（TDS）浓度仍远低于饮用水国家标准，吨水能耗仅为反渗透系统的50%～60%，可大幅减小所需光伏阵列的容量，降低系统成本。配套使用蓄电池储能单元，能够进一步提高基于光伏发电的膜法苦咸水淡化系统和光伏阵列的利用率，降低制水成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on membrane brackish water desalination technology and experiments,this paper compares the desalination performance of reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration membranes,confirms the operating characteristics of membrane brackish water desalination system using PV power generation,and optimizes the design of the matching capacity of PV arrays and energy storage units. The results of desalination experiments of medium salinity brackish water show that,based on PV power generation technology,the desalination rate of the brackish water desalination system using the reverse osmosis membrane（hereinafter referred to as “reverse osmosis system”） is high,while the desalination effect of brackish water desalination system using nanoflltration membrane（hereinafter referred to as “nanofiltration system”） depends on the selection of the nanofiltration membrane. After selecting the nanoflltration membrane VNF2 with high ion rejection rate,although the conductivity of produced water of nanoflltration system is about 4～7 times that of reverse osmosis system,total dissolved solids（TDS） concentration of produced water is still much lower than the national standard for drinking water,energy consumption per ton of water is only 50%～60% of that using reverse osmosis system,which can greatly reduce the capacity of the required PV array and reduce the system cost. The use of battery energy storage units can further improve the utilization rate of membrane brackish water desalination system and PV array,and reduce the cost of water production.更多还原