【摘要】 研究以玉米秸秆为原料制备生物质活性炭，并分别进行NaOH和HNO₃改性。考察三种生物质活性炭的用量和粒径、水溶液pH值和吸附时间对水溶液中Cu²⁺吸附性能的影响，并对其等温吸附特征、吸附动力学和吸附热力学进行研究。结果表明：当0.15～0.30 mm的生物质活性炭投加量为0.30 g, pH值为6.0时，对溶液中Cu²⁺具有很好的去除率，在360 min时达到吸附平衡；吸附过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型以及准二级动力学方程，且热力学参数ΔG⁰<0,ΔH⁰和ΔS⁰>0,为自发的、吸热的和熵增的过程，对水溶液中Cu²⁺均具有较好的亲和力；相同条件下，三种生物质活性炭对Cu²⁺的吸附效果表现为：NaOH改性>HNO₃改性>未改性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, biomass activated carbon was prepared from corn stalks and modified with NaOH and HNO₃ respectively. The adsorption effects of the dosage, particle size, pH and adsorption time of the three biomass activated carbons on the adsorption performance to Cu²⁺ in the aqueous solution were studied, and the isotherm adsorption characteristics, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics were also studied. The results show that when the dosage of 0.15～0.30 mm biomass activated carbon is 0.30 g and the pH is 6.0, the carbon has a good adsorption effect on Cu²⁺, and the adsorption reaches equilibrium at 360 min. The adsorption process conforms to the Langmuir and Freundlich model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, with the thermodynamic parameters ΔG⁰<0,ΔH⁰ and ΔS⁰>0, which is a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-increasing process, where both have good affinity for Cu²⁺ in aqueous solution. Under the same conditions, the adsorption effects of the three biomass activated carbons on Cu²⁺ shows that: NaOH modified biomass activated carbon>HNO₃ modified biomass activated carbon > unmodified biomass activated carbon.更多还原