【摘要】 目的 探讨术前不同禁食禁饮时长对剖宫产妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）产妇妊娠结局的影响。方法 选取2020年4月—2021年4月收治的GDM患者84例，将其以统计学软件随机分成两组，各42例。对照组禁食、禁饮在术前8 h禁食、术前6 h禁饮；观察组禁食、禁饮时间缩短为术前6 h禁食、术前2 h禁饮。对比不同禁食禁饮时长对血糖情况、不良事件、待产时不适感的影响。结果 术前观察组血糖水平为(5.91±0.98)mmol/L，明显高于对照组的(5.12±0.88)mmol/L，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组术前、术后血糖水平对比，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），对照组术前、术后血糖水平变化差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组术中出血量为(275.86±109.31)mL，明显少于对照组的(331.56±121.55)mL，肛门排气时间为(30.15±0.62)h，早于对照组的(31.32±0.52)h，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组新生儿低血糖发生率为2.38%，低于对照组的14.29%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组产妇术前不适感率为7.14%(3/42)，明显低于对照组产妇的23.81%(10/42)，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 缩短术前禁食禁饮时长能减少GDM患者剖宫产术前低血糖风险，稳定血糖水平，术中出血减少，肛门排气时间缩短，并显著改善母婴结局，提升GDM产妇产前舒适感。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of different preoperative fasting and fasting durations on pregnancy outcomes of women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) during cesarean section. Methods A total of 84 patients with GDM who were admitted from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected and randomLy divided into two groups by statistical software, with 42 cases in each group. The control group fasted and fasted for 8 h before operation and 6 h before operation. The fasting and fasting time in the observation group were shortened to 6 h before surgery and 2 h before surgery. The effects of different fasting and fasting durations on blood glucose, odverse event, and discomfort during labor were compared. Results The blood glucose level of the observation group before surgery was(5.91±0.98)mmol/L, which was significantly higher than that of the control group(5.12±0.88) mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose levels before and after operation in the observation group(P>0.05), and there was statistically significant difference in blood glucose levels before and after operation in the control group(P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was(275.86±109.31)mL, which was significantly less than that in the control group(331.56±121.55)mL, the anal exhaust time was(30.15±0.62) h earlier than that of the control group(31.32±0.52)h, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in the observation group was 2.38%, which was lower than14.29% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The preoperative discomfort rate of puerperae in the observation group was 7.14%(3/42), which was significantly lower than 23.81%(10/42) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Shortening the duration of preoperative fasting and fasting can reduce the risk of hypoglycemia before cesarean section in GDM patients, stabilize blood glucose levels, reduce intraoperative bleeding, and shorten anal exhaust time, and significantly improve maternal and infant outcomes, and enhance prenatal comfort for GDM women.更多还原