【摘要】 目的 了解人各段泪道黏膜及上皮干细胞的解剖及免疫学特征。方法 从捐献尸体取泪道组织，显微镜下解剖获得厚约1 mm的泪道黏膜及黏膜下组织，将不同部位的泪道黏膜组织制成病理切片，行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色及VIM、p63α、c-Kit、CK19、PCK染色。显微镜下观察染色情况。结果 人的上下泪点、上下泪小管、泪总管这几个部位的HE染色表现一致，显示其黏膜上皮为复层扁平上皮，表层细胞为扁平状，中间的数层细胞为多角形，最深层的基底细胞为矮柱状。泪囊和鼻泪管的HE染色表现一致，显示其黏膜上皮为两层，表层的柱状上皮和基底层的扁平上皮。不同部位的泪道黏膜免疫荧光染色均显示：上皮细胞全层PCK及CK19染色阳性，c-Kit及VIM染色阴性；基底层细胞p63α染色阳性。结论 人的上泪道与下泪道的黏膜组织结构不同，但其黏膜上皮基底层细胞均p63α染色阳性，为潜在的上皮干细胞。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the anatomical and immunological characteristics of human lacrimal duct mucosa and epithelial stem cells.Methods Lacrimal duct tissues were taken from donated cadavers, and about 1-mm-thick lacrimal duct mucosa and submucosal tissues were obtained by dissecting under microscope.Pathological sections of lacrimal duct mucosal tissues from different parts were stained with HE,VIM,p63α,c-Kit, CK19 and PCK.The staining result was observed under microscope.Results The HE staining of human upper and lower punctum, upper and lower lacrimal canaliculus, and common lacrimal duct showed consistent results.HE staining showed that the mucosal epithelium was stratified squamous epithelium.The surface was covered with flat cells, while the middle layer was composed of polygonal cells.And basal cells in the deepest layer were short columnar.The HE staining results of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct was the same, showing that the mucosal epithelium was divided into two layers, columnar epithelium in the surface layer and squamous epithelium in the basal layer.Immunofluorescence of different parts of the lacrimal duct mucosa showed that PCK staining and CK19 staining were positive for the whole layer of epithelial cells, c-Kit and VIM results were negative, and p63α staining for basal cells was positive.Conclusion Human upper and lower lacrimal ducts have different mucosal tissue structures, but their mucosal epithelial basal cells are all positive for p63α staining and are potential epithelial stem cells.更多还原