【摘要】 为研究微生物肥与高碳基肥配施对烟草成分、矿质元素和农艺性状的影响，在河南省漯河市舞阳县以‘中烟 100’为试验材料进行田间试验，试验分为 5 个处理(CK：常规施肥 52.5 kg·hm^-2 纯氮；T1:1 500 kg·hm^-2 高碳基肥；T2:1 500 kg·hm^-2 高碳基肥 + 75 kg·hm^-2 微生物肥 +45 kg·hm^-2 纯氮；T3:1 500 kg·hm^-2 高碳基肥+150 kg·hm^-2 微生物肥+37.5 kg·hm^-2 纯氮；T4:1 500kg·hm^-2高碳基肥+225 kg·hm^-2 微生物肥+30 kg·hm^-2 纯氮)，通过测定烟草生长发育过程中的成分、矿质元素和农艺性状，研究微生物肥与高碳基肥配施对烟草的影响。结果显示，微生物肥与高碳基肥的配施：（1）提高了烟叶中的钾和还原糖含量，降低了烟碱含量，总氮和氯含量没有明显改变；（2）提高了烟叶中的磷、铁、硼、锌和铜的含量，降低了钙、镁的含量；（3）提高了烟草的叶长、叶宽、株高和茎围。综上，微生物肥和高碳基肥配施处理能够提高烟叶还原糖、钾和部分矿质元素含量（钾、磷、硼、锌、铁、铜），对烟株株高、茎围等农艺性状有促进作用，能够有效提高烟叶的产质量，其中 1 500 kg·hm^-2 高碳基肥+225 kg·hm^-2 微生物肥+30 kg·hm^-2 纯氮的处理较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effects of microbial fertilizer combined with high-carbon base fertilizer on composition, mineral elements and agronomic characters of tobacco, a field experiment was carried out in Wuyang County, Luohe City, Henan Province using ’Zhongyan100’ as experimental material. The experiment was divided into 5 treatments(CK: conventional fertilization of 52.5kg·hm^-2of pure nitrogen; T1:1 500 kg·hm^-2high-carbon basal fertilizer; T2:1 500 kg·hm^-2high-carbon basal fertilizer+75 kg·hm^-2microbial fertilizer+45 kg·hm^-2pure nitrogen; T3:1 500 kg·hm^-2high-carbon basal fertilizer+150 kg·hm^-2microbial fertilizer+37.5 kg·hm^-2pure nitrogen; T4:1 500 kg·hm^-2high-carbon basal fertilizer+225 kg·hm^-2microbial fertilizer+30 kg·hm^-2pure nitrogen), the effects of microbial fertilizer and high -carbon base fertilizer on tobacco were studied by measuring the composition, mineral elements and agronomic traits during the growth and development of tobacco.The results showed that:（1） Application of combined microbial fertilizer and high -carbon basal fertilizer increased the contents of potassium and reducing sugar in tobacco leaves, and decreased the contents of nicotine, while the contents of total nitrogen and chlorine did not change significantly; （2） Application of combined microbial fertilizer and high -carbon basal fertilizer increased the contents of P, Fe, B, Zn and Cu, but decreased the contents of Ca and Mg in tobacco leaves; （3） Application of combined microbial fertilizer and high-carbon basal fertilizer increased leaf length, leaf width, plant height and stem circumference of tobacco. In conclusion, the combined application of microbial fertilizer and high -carbon -based fertilizer could increase the content of reducing sugar, potassium and some mineral elements （K, P, Fe, Zn, B, Cu） in tobacco leaves. Also, it could improve the agronomic traits of tobacco, such as plant height and stem circumference, as well as the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Among them,1 500 kg·hm^-2high -carbon basal fertilizer +225 kg·hm^-2microbial fertilizer +30 kg·hm^-2pure nitrogen showed the best effect on chemical composition of tobacco.更多还原