【摘要】 橡胶坝常用于低水头、大跨度的闸坝工程,如防洪、储水、发电、供水、挡潮及城市园林美化等工程,不仅起到闸门、滚水坝和活动坝等作用,而且具有瀑布景观效果.本文建立了橡胶坝有限差分计算模型,系统分析了充水压力、上游水位及坝袋几何尺寸等参数对橡胶坝断面形状的影响.开展了室内模型试验,验证了计算模型的准确性.讨论了上游挡水水位与坝袋高度、断面面积、宽度、接地宽度和顶部位置等参数间的关系.研究发现,坝高H/L和横断面面积A/L2随上游水位Hr/L的增大呈非线性减小趋势,而坝宽B/L、接触宽度b/L和坝顶距锚固点水平距离D/L随上游水位Hr/L的增大而非线性增大.基于Chapman-Richard曲线模型对本文得到的橡胶坝几何形状尺寸进行拟合,提出了简化的橡胶坝设计计算公式,可为实际工程设计评估提供参考.更多还原

【Abstract】 A rubber dam is commonly used in low-water head and long-span river dam projects,such as river flood control,water storage,power generation,water supply,breakwater,and urban landscaping projects,to work as a gate,overflow,or removable dam,and it has a waterfall landscape effect. In this paper,the finite difference method is adopted to investigate the effects of the pumping pressure,upstream water level,and dam dimensions on the dimensions of the rubber dam. Laboratory model tests are also conducted to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. Further,relationships between the normalized upstream water level and normalized height,section area,width,contact width,and top position of the rubber dam are discussed. It is found that with an increase in the upstream water level Hr/L,the normalized height H/L and normalized area A/L2 of the dam body are found to decrease nonlinearly,whereas the normalized width B/L,the normalized contact width b/L and the normalized horizontal displacement between the vertex and the anchorage point D/L increase. Then,the Chapman-Richard model is used to best fit the geometric parameters of the cross sections of the rubber dam. The best-fitted equations can be used for rubber dam design and calculation,which can provide reference for actual engineering design and calculation.更多还原