【摘要】 生物催化是指利用酶或者生物有机体(细胞、细胞器和组织等)作为催化剂进行化学转化的反应过程。酶催化在食品、化学和制药等不同领域的应用中发挥着重要作用,促进了绿色制造以及精细化学品,食品添加剂和药物的可持续生产。在工业化酶促反应中,酶的固定化有助于实现酶的回收或可重复使用并提高其稳定性。随着现代生物技术的不断发展以及学科间的相互渗透,相较于基于普适性思维设计的传统固定化酶策略,根据酶的特性以及应用需求研发的新型固定化方法,以及微/纳米结构等具有优秀比表面积材料的出现,都提供了高负载的固定化材料,并通过多功能的固定化方法有效提高了酶的固定化效率。作为现代合成化学中低碳经济的生产工具,酶提供的化学反应种类几乎可以涵盖所有传统有机合成中的反应策略,因其固定化形态更利于工业化生产,酶固定化技术备受关注。因此,本文对生物催化领域中酶的固定化策略和相关应用进展进行了总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biocatalysis is defined as the process of chemical transformation using enzymes or biological organisms(cells, organelles, tissues, etc) as catalysts.Enzyme catalysis plays an important role in the application of different fields such as food, chemistry and pharmacy, which promotes the green manufacturing and the sustainable production of fine chemicals, food additives and drugs.In the industrial catalytic reaction, the immobilization of enzyme is helpful to realize the recovery or reuse of enzyme and improve its stability.With the continuous development of modern biotechnology and the interpenetration of disciplines, compared with the traditional immobilization strategy based on universal thinking, the emergence of new immobilization methods and micro/nano structure materials with excellent specific surface area, which caters to the characteristics and application needs of enzymes, provides high load immobilization materials for enzyme immobilization, and the immobilization efficiency of the enzyme was improved through multi-functional immobilization.As a low-carbon economic production tool in modern synthetic chemistry, the types of chemical reactions provided by enzyme can almost cover all traditional organic synthesis reaction strategies.Immobilized enzymes are more conducive to industrial production and thus gained great attentions.Recent advanced in biocatalysis field utilizing immobilized enzymes were summarized in this review.更多还原