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青岛市5~18岁儿童及青少年遗尿症流行病学调查
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENURESIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AGED 5-18 YEARS IN QINGDAO, CHINA
【摘要】 目的 了解青岛地区5~18岁儿童及青少年遗尿症的流行病学情况,为开展遗尿症宣教和改善其诊疗状况提供科学依据。方法 2017年12月—2018年2月采用分层整群随机抽样法选取青岛市2 550例5~18岁儿童及青少年进行问卷调查,收集遗尿症患儿的患病状况、病情特征、家族史、就医情况及遗尿症对患儿和家长生活质量影响情况等资料,并进行统计学分析。结果 共2 519例儿童及青少年纳入研究,符合遗尿症诊断者103例,遗尿症总患病率为4.09%,男性患病率显著高于女性(χ~2=7.18,P<0.05)。遗尿症患儿中单一症状型72例,非单一症状型31例;轻-中型89例,重型14例。患儿中有遗尿症家族史者24例,重型遗尿症患儿中有家族史者比例显著高于轻-中型患儿(χ~2=5.24,P<0.05),重型患儿烦恼及家长烦恼、睡眠评分均显著高于轻-中型遗尿症患儿及家长(W=4 371~4 423,P<0.05),但仅14.95%患儿有就医行为。结论 青岛市5~18岁儿童及青少年遗尿症患病率男性高于女性,患儿是否存在遗尿症家族史、患儿及家长生活质量均与患儿遗尿症严重程度有关。但由于家长对遗尿症重视不足,患儿就医比例较低,故需做好遗尿症宣教普及。
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemiology of enuresis in children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Qing-dao, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the education on enuresis and the improvement of its diagnosis and treatment. Methods From December 2017 to February 2018, the stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 550 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Qingdao, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data on disease status, di-sease conditions, family history, medical treatment, and the influence of enuresis on the quality of life of children and parents. A statistical analysis was performed for these data. Results A total of 2 519 children and adolescents were included in the study, among whom 103 met the diagnostic criteria for enuresis, with an overall prevalence rate of 4.09%, and the prevalence rate in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(χ~2=7.18,P<0.05). Among the 103 children with enuresis, 72 had monosymptomatic enuresis and 31 had non-monosymptomatic enuresis. As for the severity of the disease, 89 had mild-to-moderate enuresis and 14 had severe enuresis. There were 24 children with the family history of enuresis, and the severe enuresis group had a significantly higher proportion of children with family history than the mild-to-moderate enuresis group(χ~2=5.24,P<0.05). Compared with the mild-to-moderate enuresis group, the severe enuresis group had significantly higher scores of life troubles and sleep troubles for both children and their parents(W=4 371-4 423,P<0.05). Only 14.95% of the children had health-seeking behavior. Conclusion In the children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Qingdao, boys tend to have a higher prevalence rate of enuresis than girls. Presence or absence of the family history of enuresis and the quality of life of both children and their parents are associated with the severity of enuresis. Since parents do not pay enough attention to enuresis and there is a relatively low consultation rate among children, it is necessary to strengthen the education on enuresis.
【Key words】 Nocturnal enuresis; Prevalence; Child; Adolescent; Epidemiology; Data collection;
- 【文献出处】 精准医学杂志 ,Journal of Precision Medicine , 编辑部邮箱 ,2022年06期
- 【分类号】R726.9;R181.3
- 【下载频次】38