【摘要】 神经精神性疾病发病率正逐年上升，由其引起的疾病负担已成为社会主要公共卫生问题之一。目前，神经精神性疾病的病理学机制还未完全阐明。探索神经精神性疾病的发病机制、可靠的生物标志物及有效的治疗方法一直是研究的热点。越来越多研究表明，长度超过200个核苷酸的长非编码RNA (long noncoding RNA, lncRNA)在转录及转录后水平等调控介导许多神经系统疾病的病理过程，被认为是各种神经精神性疾病的关键调节分子。本文系统阐述了lncRNA的生物学功能及其在中枢神经系统中的作用，尤其是lnc RNA调控阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease, PD)、精神分裂症(schizophrenia,SZ)、自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)和抑郁症(major depressive disorder, MDD)等神经精神性疾病的发病机制，为探索lncRNA参与神经精神性疾病调控的表观遗传机制提供新的视角。更多还原

【Abstract】 The incidence rates of neuropsychiatric diseases are increasing and the resulting burden of neuropsychiatric diseases has become one of the major public health problems. At present, the pathological mechanism of neuropsychiatric diseases has not been fully clarified. Exploring the pathogenesis, reliable biomarkers and effective treatment methods of neuropsychiatric diseases has always been the focused areas. Recently, long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) with a length of more than 200 nucleotides has been considered as a key regulator of various neuropsychiatric diseases. More and more studies have shown that the abnormal regulation of lncRNA at the transcriptional and post transcriptional levels is related to the pathogenesis of many nervous system diseases. In this paper, we systematically summarize the biological functions of lncRNA and its role in the central nervous system,and then discuss the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD), Parkinson’s disease(PD), schizophrenia(SZ), autism spectrum disorder(ASD), major depressive disorder(MDD), thus providing new insights into the pathological mechanism of neuropsychiatric diseases from the epigenetic perspective.更多还原