【摘要】 为研究不同工艺熟化的油菜籽对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响，试验将双低油菜籽分别经85℃低温熟化、135℃高温干法膨化的工艺熟化后配制蛋鸡饲料。将10000只210日龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为5个处理组，每组10个重复，每个重复200只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮；第1组饲喂含2%低温熟化油菜籽日粮；第2组饲喂含2%膨化油菜籽日粮；第3组饲喂含4%低温熟化油菜籽日粮；第4组饲喂含4%膨化油菜籽日粮。预试期7 d，正试期90 d。结果表明，各试验组间平均蛋重差异不显著（P> 0.05）;2%和4%膨化油菜籽组的蛋鸡产蛋率分别高出对照组3.28%和3.39%(P <0.05)；饲喂低温熟化或膨化油菜籽组的蛋鸡死淘率均低于对照组50%以上（P <0.05）；低温熟化油菜籽组破蛋率显著高于膨化油菜籽组和对照组（P <0.05），鸡蛋蛋壳强度显著低于膨化油菜籽组和对照组（P <0.05）;4%低温熟化油菜籽组和4%膨化油菜籽组鸡蛋的哈氏单位分别比对照组提高5.52%和4.32%(P <0.05);4%油菜籽能显著提高鸡蛋壳色度的L值（P <0.05）;4%低温熟化油菜籽组和4%膨化油菜籽组蛋鸡血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量分别高于对照组73.68%和68.42%(P <0.05)；各处理组间血清三碘甲状原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）、游离三碘甲状原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）值差异不显著（P> 0.05）。饲粮中添加熟化油菜籽能提高蛋鸡产蛋率，降低死淘率，提高蛋壳品质，对蛋鸡机体脂肪代谢、钙磷代谢和甲状腺功未产生不良影响。综合来看，膨化油菜籽更适宜应用在蛋鸡饲料中。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment studied the effects of rapeseed matured by different processes on the production performance,egg quality and blood biochemical indexes of laying hens. The double-low rapeseed was matured at a low temperature of 85 ℃ and a high-temperature dry puffing at a temperature of 135 ℃ to prepare a feed for laying hens. 10000 210-day-old Hy-line brown layers were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups,each with 10 replicates,and each replicate with 200 chickens. The control group was fed corn-soybean meal diet;the first group was fed 2% low-temperature ripening rapeseed diet;the second group was fed 2% expanded rapeseed diet;the third group was fed 4% low-temperature ripening Rapeseed diet;the fouth group was fed 4% puffed rapeseed diet. The pre-trial period was 7 days,and the trial period was 90 days. The results showed that:There was no significant difference in the average egg weight between the experimental groups(P > 0.05);the laying rate of laying hens in the 2% and 4% expanded rapeseed groups were 3.28% and 3.39% higher than those in the control group,respectively(P < 0.05);The death rate of laying hens in the fed with low-temperature matured or expanded rapeseed group was lower than that of the control group by more than 50%(P < 0.05);the egg breaking rate in the low-temperature ripening rapeseed group was significantly higher than that of the expanded rapeseed group and the control group(P < 0.05),and the egg shell strength was significant lower than the expanded rapeseed group and the control group(P <0.05);The hastelloy unit of eggs in the 4% low-temperature ripening rapeseed group and the 4% expanded rapeseed group were 5.52% and 4.32% higher than the control group,respectively(P < 0.05);4% rapeseed could significantly increase the L value of egg shell color(P < 0.05);the serum HDL cholesterol content of chickens in the 4% expanded rapeseed group and 4% low-temperature ripened rapeseed group was higher than that of the other groups(P < 0.05). The serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content of chickens in the 4% low-temperature ripening rapeseed group and the 4% expanded rapeseed group were 73.68% and68.42% higher thanf the control group(P < 0.05). Matured rapeseed could increase the laying rate of laying hens,reduce the mortality rate,improve the quality of eggshells,and have no adverse effects on the body fat metabolism,calcium and phosphorus metabolism and thyroid function of the laying hens. In summary,expanded rapeseed was more suitable for use in layer feed.更多还原