【摘要】 文章探究了添食育蚕法进行改性蚕丝以提高蚕丝纤维抗紫外能力的方法及效果。将几种氨基苯类紫外线吸收剂添食给家蚕，实验结果显示：氨基苯类紫外线吸收剂进入家蚕消化道后，更容易转移到家蚕丝腺的中部丝腺。添食4-二甲氨基苯甲酸后，对茧质有一定的影响，且丝胶含量增加。经330 h紫外线照射后，4-二甲氨基苯甲酸添喂组蚕丝纤维显示有一定的紫外光吸收能力，其力学性能下降较少。结果表明，添食法提高蚕丝纤维的抗紫外能力是一种可行的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The silk fiber has an irreplaceable position in textile fibers, and related silk fabrics have the advantages of light and airy texture, good moisture absorption and breathability, comfort in wear, etc. It is also widely used in other fields, such as the biomedical sector. However, silk also has its own limitations, poor light resistance, and susceptibility to ultraviolet light, especially the ultraviolet light of 290-400 nm wavelength in daylight such as under which condition it is prone to yellowing and photodegradation. The yellowing of silk is due to the photo-oxidation of tyrosine and tryptophan in silk protein under the action of ultraviolet light from sunlight, and due to the production of yellow substances, which affects the whiteness of silk. In addition, from the molecular structure of silk, most of the amino acids susceptible to UV light are distributed in the amorphous region. As the amorphous region is affected, the structure of the crystalline region is also gradually relaxed, the local degradation begins, and the silk protein macromolecule chain is cleaved, which leads to the decrease of the mechanical properties of silk fibers and accelerates the aging of silk fibers and fabrics. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the silk products outside the anti-purple line.The current methods used to modify silk are mostly for post finishing modification, including coating, impregnation and chemical grafting methods, but these methods often affect the original color or feel of the fabric, and the durability of the modified effect is also poor. The feeding method is a green method to obtain modified silk by spraying mulberry leaves or artificial feed mixed with modifier, which is ingested by silkworm and transferred to silk gland. In this study, five aminobenzene UV absorbers were used as exogenous additive food for silkworms. The effect of molecular polarity on the transport of modifiers to silk glands was investigated, and their effects on silkworm development and silk structural properties were studied.It was found that the aminobenzene UV absorbers were more easily transferred to the central silk gland(silk glue) and less to the posterior silk gland(fibroin). 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid was found to be the highest in the posterior silk gland, with a content of 3.27 μg/strip. The cocoon width and cocoon quality of this group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the silk gum content was increased when this group was used as the study object. Compared with the control group, the relative content of β-folded structure and crystallinity of the silk in the addition feeding group decreased slightly. The silkworm silk in the feeding group showed a certain UV absorption ability. After 330 h UV irradiation, the breaking strength and elongation of the control group decreased by 48.95% and 43.52%, respectively, while those of the feeding group decreased by 42.03% and 34.18%, respectively.In this paper, UV absorbers were added to silkworms to obtain modified silk, mainly focusing on the transfer of the modifier to the silk gland and the structural properties of the modified silk, only for the most UV absorbers to enter the silk gland of the posterior group of silk. Other properties of the modified silk such as washing resistance have not been studied and some more in-depth studies are required. For instance, it needs to be studied in depth for the limited absorption of exogenous additives by silkworms, additive food’s being not always absorbed by silkworms and transferred to the silk gland, and the mechanism of action between the additive food and silk protein after the former’s entering the silk gland.更多还原