【摘要】 目的 了解哈尔滨市儿童青少年的血压偏高现状，并进一步探讨儿童青少年血压偏高与童年期虐待经历的关系，为早期预防儿童青少年血压偏高提供理论依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法，在哈尔滨市抽取6所学校的三年级至高三的4 764名在校学生进行童年期虐待经历的问卷调查及体格测量。采用χ2检验、t检验、二阶聚类分析法、二元logistic回归对数据进行分析。结果 2016年哈尔滨市儿童青少年血压偏高的检出率为24.99%。男生的血压偏高检出率高于女生（χ2=8.340,P<0.05），城区学生血压偏高检出率高于乡镇学生（χ2=8.019,P<0.05）。初二至初三阶段儿童青少年的血压偏高检出率最高（χ2=69.073,P<0.05）。身体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）在是否血压偏高间存在统计学差异（t=-22.346,P<0.001）。在控制年级、性别、城乡、BMI的基础上，对儿童青少年血压偏高及童年期虐待经历进行回归分析，结果显示暴力暴露是血压偏高的危险因素（OR=1.326,P<0.05）。结论 哈尔滨市儿童青少年血压偏高的形势严峻。童年期虐待经历中的暴力暴露是儿童青少年血压偏高的危险因素，因此减少暴力暴露，对于高血压的早期预防具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its correlation with childhood maltreatment experience in children and adolescents in Harbin, and to provide theoretical basis for preventing elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents at an early stage. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 4 764 students from grade 3 to grade 12 of 6 schools in Harbin for our study. Questionnaire interviews and physical data of childhood abuse experience were collected and analyzed using the Chi square test, independent-Samples t test, two step cluster and binary logistic analysis. Results The rate of elevated blood pressure in Harbin children and adolescents in 2016 was 24.99%.The rate for boys was higher than that of girls(χ2=8.340, P<0.05), and the incidence in urban area were higher than that in rural area(χ2=8.019, P<0.05). The rate of elevated blood pressure was highest in children from the 8-9th grades(χ2=69.073,P<0.05). There were statistically difference between body mass indice(BMI) and different blood pressure types(t=-22.346,P<0.001). And further regression analyses which controlled for grades, genders, urban-rural and BMI factors showed that violence exposure was a risk factor for elevated blood pressures(OR=1.326, P<0.05). Conclusions The conditions for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents in Harbin were severe and reducing violence exposure in children and adolescentsis would be crucial to preventing hypertension in adults.更多还原