【摘要】 材料的微观形貌是影响其气敏性能的主要因素.低维结构材料因反应时的团聚问题,极大地限制了其应用.因此,通过设计合成多级结构的纳米材料来提高性能至关重要.通过控制水热时间、阴离子表面活性剂柠檬酸钠的浓度以及pH值来调节形貌,在水热条件下成功合成了多级片球状、片花状以及馒头状3种形貌的ZnO纳米材料.通过对气敏性能进行测试,发现多级片球状形貌具有较好的气体敏感性.在340℃时,对100×10^-6正丁醇的气敏响应达到238,比相同条件下的乙醇高2.12倍,显示出了较好的选择性.通过研究多级结构的生长机理及传感机制,为设计多级体系结构ZnO高性能气敏材料提供了数据依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 The micromorphology of a material is the main factor that influences its gas sensitivity.Applications of low-dimensional structural materials are greatly limited because of agglomeration issues during reactions.The performance of nanomaterials can be improved by designing and synthesising multilevel structures.Material morphology was mainly adjusted by controlling the hydrothermal time,the concentration of anionic surfactant citrate ions and hydroxide ions.The ZnO nanomaterial synthesised under the controlled hydrothermal conditions had three types of morphologies,pompon-like,flaky-flower-shaped,and buns-like.The pompon-like ZnO showed good gas sensitivity.At 340℃,its gas-sensitive response to 100×10^-6 n-butanol was 238,which was 2.12 times higher than that in case of ethanol,showing good selectivity.In addition,by investigating the growth and sensing mechanisms of the multistage structure of ZnO,insights were provided for designing high-performance gas sensitive materials using multilevel architecture of ZnO.更多还原