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新时代中国外商投资安全审查制度的完善——基于对欧盟安全审查制度变革的考察与借鉴
Perfection of China’s Foreign Investment Security Review System in the New Era——Survey on Reform of EU Security Review System
【摘要】 中共十八大以后,中国特色社会主义进入了一个新的历史时期,中国将进一步扩大对外开放。健全外商投资安全审查制度是我国建设更高水平开放型经济新体制的重要内容之一。我国外商投资安全审查制度在立法及实践经验方面还非常缺乏,其先进性、科学性和完善程度还有待提高。欧盟外资审查制度的变革对我国海外投资无疑会产生负面影响,但是该制度中的一些核心内容,比如安全审查的启动及考虑要素、司法救济、程序规范等,对我国外资安全审查制度具有重要的参考意义。我国可以批判吸收其经验,从国内、国际两个层面完善外商投资安全审查制度。在国内法方面,明确外资安全审查的范围和标准,不设置安全审查启动门槛,赋予当事人法律救济权,引入欧盟法律中的比例原则和程序正义原则,以及设立监督程序;在国际法层面,加强国际法规范的制定及引领,合理规范国家安全例外条款,增加投资安全审查的透明度和法律的确定性。在双边投资条约中加入安全审查救济的内容,维护投资者在东道国的合法权益,推动构建公平合理、开放共赢的国际投资环境。
【Abstract】 After the 18th CPC National Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new historical period, and China will further expand its opening to the outside world. Improving the security review system of foreign investment is one of the important contents of building a new high-level open economic system in China. China’s foreign investment security review system is still very lacking in legislation and practical experience, and its advanced nature, scientificity and perfection need to be improved. The reform of EU foreign investment review system will undoubtedly have a negative impact on China’s overseas investment, but some core contents of its system, such as the start and consideration elements of security review, judicial relief, procedural norms and so on, have important reference significance for China’s security review system. China can critically absorb its experience and improve the foreign investment security review system from both domestic and international levels. In terms of domestic law, clarify the scope and standards of foreign capital security review, do not set the threshold for security review, give the parties in investment the right to legal relief, introduce the principle of proportionality and procedural justice from EU law, and establish supervision procedures. In terms of international law, we should strengthen the formulation and guidance of international legal norms, reasonably regulate national security exception clauses, and increase the transparency and legal certainty of investment security review. The content of security review and relief should be added to bilateral investment treaties to safeguard the legitimate interests of investors in the host country of investment and promote the construction of a fair, reasonable, open and win-win international investment environment.
- 【文献出处】 法学论坛 ,Legal Forum , 编辑部邮箱 ,2022年05期
- 【分类号】D912.29
- 【下载频次】710