【摘要】 土壤重金属污染是我国西南地区宝贵土地资源开发利用面临的瓶颈问题之一。针对四川攀西地区典型涉矿重金属污染农用地土壤，应用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术，分析比较了背景及污染土壤中细菌的群落结构及多样性。菌群分类结果显示Proteobacteria、Acidobacteria、Actinobacteria、Bacteroidetes是主要细菌门类。多样性分析表明，各样方具有较高的细菌多样性，且α多样性指数在样方之间不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。主坐标分析(PCoA)结果显示中度污染样方与背景土的细菌组成更为相似。LEfse分析共鉴别出103个差异微生物，分属于Actinobacteria、Proteobacteria、Planctomycetes、Nitrospirae、OD1、WS3和Bacteroidetes。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明，重金属浓度主要与Acidobacteria、Actinobacteria、TM7、Chloroflexi和Firmicutes呈负相关关系，与OD1、Verrucomicrobia、Planctomycetes、Nitrospirae、Gemmatimonadetes、Proteobacteria、WS3呈正相关关系。结果对明晰微生物对重金属的响应关系具有重要意义，同时也为重金属土壤修复微生物种质资源的开发利用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil heavy metal pollution is one of the biggest challenges to sustainable development and utilization of precious land resources in southwest China. In this paper, 16 S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze and compare the bacterial community structure and diversity from the unpolluted and typical mining-related heavy metal-polluted agricultural soils in Panzhihua-Xichang region. Taxonomic assignment analysis indicated that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the major phyla of the samples.Each quadrate had high bacterial diversity according to the alpha-diversity analysis, and there was no significant difference in alpha-diversity index among the six quadrates(P>0.05). Principal coordinates analysis(PCoA) showed that the bacterial composition of the moderately contaminated quadrate was more similar to that of background soil. A total of 103 different microorganisms were identified by linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe) analysis, which belonged to Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Nitrospirae, OD1, WS3, and Bacteroidetes. The results of the redundancy analysis(RDA) suggested that Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, TM7, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes had negative correlations with the concentrations of heavy metals, while OD1, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Nitrospira, Gemmatimonadetes, Proteobacteria, and WS3 had positive correlations with the concentrations of heavy metals. The results of this study are of great significance to clarify the response of microorganisms to heavy metals contamination, and also lay a foundation for soil remediation of heavy metals and the development and utilization of microbial germplasm resources.更多还原