【摘要】 以山豆根种子为材料，研究不同产地的种子携带真菌的种类及其带菌率，观察杀菌处理对真菌抑制作用及种子萌发的影响，为山豆根种子育苗前处理提供参考。采用洗涤离体、PDA培养的平皿法，对种子外部和内部携带真菌进行检测，考察其携带真菌的孢子负荷量、种类、分离频率；选用5种杀菌剂对种子进行杀菌处理，以清水为对照，观察其对真菌抑制作用及对种子萌发的影响。结果表明：（1）种子外部表面携带的优势菌群为刺盘孢属（Colletotrichum spp.）、镰孢霉属（Fusariumspp.）和亚隔壳孢属（Didymellaspp.）。种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为刺盘孢属、假尾孢属(Pseudocercospora)、间作壳属（Diaporthespp.）真菌。不同产地的种子表面携带真菌种类差异较大，而种子内部寄藏的真菌种类差异不明显。（2）多菌灵、多抗霉素、大黄素甲醚·绿色木霉、蛇床子素·枯草芽孢杆菌对山豆根种子携带的真菌有较好的抑制作用，以大黄素甲醚·绿色木霉较好。常用的多菌灵抑制的真菌主要是刺盘孢属和青霉菌属真菌；而大黄素甲醚·绿色木霉对山豆根种子携带的刺盘孢属、镰孢霉属、亚隔孢壳属、链格菌属、青霉菌属真菌的杀菌效果均达到82.4%以上。（3）各杀菌处理对种子发芽率影响差异不显著；大黄素甲醚·绿色木霉处理和蛇床子素·枯草芽孢杆菌处理对发芽势和根的生长有促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the seeds of Euchresta japonica Hook.f.ex Regel as materials,this paper studied the species and rate of fungi carried by seeds from different producing areas,and observed the effect of sterilization treatment on fungal inhibition and seed germination,so as to provide reference for the pre-treatment of Euchresta japonica Hook.f.ex Regel.The fungi carried outside and inside the seeds were detected by washing in vitro and PDA culture plate method,and the spore load,species and isolation frequency of the fungi were investigated; Five kinds of fungicides were selected to sterilize the seeds,and the effects of water on fungal inhibition and seed germination were observed.The results showed that:(1) the dominant flora carried on the outer surface of seeds were Colletotrichum spp.,Fusarium spp.and Didymella spp.The fungi in the seeds were mainly discospora,pseudocercospora and Diaporthe spp.The species of fungi carried on the surface of seeds from different producing areas were quite different,but the species of fungi embedded in seeds were not obvious.(2) Carbendazim,polyoxins,Emodin methyl ether·Trichoderma green and Osthole·Bacillus subtilis had good inhibitory effects on the fungi carried by Euchresta j.seeds,and Emodin methyl ether·Trichoderma green was better.The fungi inhibited by carbendazim were mainly Colletotrichum spp.and penicillium spp.Fungi.The fungicidal effect of Emodin methyl ether·Trichoderma green on five dominant fungi of Colletotrichum spp.,Fusarium spp,Didymella spp.Streptomyces spp.And penicillium spp.stored in Euchresta j.seeds was more than 82.4%.(3) There was no significant difference between seed germination rate among sterilization treatments; The treatments of Emodin methyl ether·Trichoderma green and Osthole·Bacillus subtilis could promote the growth of root and germination.更多还原