【摘要】 时域天文近年来发展迅速，已成为天文学和相关物理研究的重大突破方向，而时域天文的发展需要高性能的时域天文观测设备，以及能发挥设备观测能力的优质天文台址。2019年6月，青海省科技厅启动了重大科技专项“天文大科学装置冷湖台址监测与先导科学研究”，专项针对青海冷湖优良的天文观测条件及未来将落户冷湖的大型天文观测设备的观测能力，利用现有的天文观测设施开展了一系列时域天文先导科学研究。研究内容包括光学时域天文的观测研究，如光学时域天文的观测策略和基于深度学习的暂现源数据处理系统搭建，并利用姚安光电阵列CHES和南极巡天望远镜AST3-Ⅲ等设备进行时域天文观测。先导研究还包括围绕大视场巡天望远镜WFST开展的一系列前期研究，如WFST暂现源观测管线系统和数据处理系统的搭建，WFST对暂现源观测的预研，利用WFST开展星系形成和演化的预研，以及中子星、黑洞、引力波等的理论预研等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Time-domain astronomy is developing rapidly in recent years and has become a breakthrough direction in astronomy and related physics field. High-performance time-domain astronomical observation facilities and high-quality observatory sites that could fulfill the capacity of the equipment are essential to maintain such rapid development. In June 2019, the Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province launched a major scientific and technological project “Lenghu astronomical site monitoring and pilot scientific research for mega-science facilities”. In order to make full use of the excellent astronomical observation conditions of the Lenghu in Qinghai and the observation capacity of the mega-astronomical observation facilities to be settled in the Lenghu in the future,a series of pilot time-domain astronomical scientific research was carried out with the current astronomical facilities.It includes the observation Strategy Research of optical time-domain astronomy, the construction of a temporary source data processing system based on deep learning, time-domain observations with the Yao’an CHanging Event Survey Array(CHES) and the Antarctic Survey Telescope AST3-Ⅲ, and so on. The pilot study also includes a series of preliminary studies related to Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST). Such as the WFST transient source observation pipeline system and data processing system, the preliminary study of WFST transient observation, the preliminary study of galaxy formation and evolution using WFST, and the theoretical studies of neutron stars, black holes and gravitational waves.更多还原