【摘要】 产生于母系氏族社会的原始宗教萨满教曾经在北方诸民族中十分盛行,有关于萨满教女神和女萨满的神话、传说、职能、仪式等大多曾经信仰萨满教的民族都有丰富的记载。裕固族也是曾经信仰过萨满教的民族之一,关于萨满教祭天仪式等习俗流传至今,却少有关于女萨满的记录。俄国学者马洛夫20世纪初在肃南地区考察时曾记录了大量的民间故事、传说、民歌等内容,其中有少量关于裕固族女萨满的歌曲,这些歌曲中女萨满的形象及其所充任的人物角色,在今天的裕固族民间文学作品中仍有所见。可以确认,古往今来的裕固族萨满教信仰中确有女萨满存在,庶几与女性早期的社会地位较高息息相关,只是后来女萨满的地位逐步被男性萨满所取代。更多还原

【Abstract】 The primitive religion Shamanism,which originated from the maternal clan society,was once very popular among the ethnic groups in the north.There are rich records on the myths,legends,functions and rituals of the Shamanist goddess and female shamans for most of the ethnic groups who once believed in Shamanism.The.Yugurs is also one of the ethnic groups who once believed in Shamanism.Some shamanism customs such as the heaven worship ceremong have been circulated sofar,but there are few records about female shamans.During his investigation in Sunan County in the early 20 th century,Russian scholar S.E.Malov recorded a large number of folk stories,legends and folk songs,including a small number of songs about Yugur female shamans.The image of female shamans and their roles in these songs are still seen in today’s Yugur folk literature.It can be confirmed that there are female shamans in the Yugur Shamanist belief from ancient to modern times,which is closely related to the higher social status of women in the early stage,but later,the status of female shamans was gradually replaced by male shamans.更多还原