【摘要】 桥梁建成投入使用中受地基承载力变化、行车荷载、地震等外部因素的影响，轻则出现超允许数值范围的不均匀沉降现象导致桥梁变形，造成桥梁无法正常使用；严重时会诱发交通事故，带来安全隐患的同时也对经济建设产生影响。为确保公路安全畅通，对投入使用的桥梁要定期进行健康检测，尤其是在地震后有可能带来的地质变化造成的桥梁变形也要及时进行健康检测。其中，沉降量检测是桥梁健康检测的重要指标之一，其检测数据将作为对桥梁服役期间的服务性能进行合理评估的重要技术指标。长期以来，公路科研人员提出了各具特色的检测研究方向，以及有效、快速的成功检测与定量评价方法与技术，对合理使用资金与资源，实施桥梁最佳替换方案和养护策略，以及对于预测桥梁超限损坏和安全使用具有很好的实践意义，也为桥梁管理提供了可靠的理论依据，保障了投资效益最大化。2020年在河口区县道X028北外环西延公路上的一座T型梁桥——草桥沟老桥上采用一种既经济实用又快速、精准的检测技术装置进行了沉降量检测，实现了安全、快速、充分、全面的桥梁沉降量检测，对于确保桥梁安全畅通，及时提供了第一手资料。现就这种道路桥梁沉降勘测装置技术进行了详细介绍，期望为类似工程提供有益的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bridge is an important part of highway, its good performance index to ensure the safety of highway smooth has very important significance. When the bridge is completed and put into use, it is affected by the external factors such as the reduction of the bearing capacity of the foundation, the over-limit of the driving load, and the earthquake. The non-uniform settlement phenomenon of the allowable numerical range will lead to the deformation of the bridge, resulting in the normal use of the bridge, and the serious easy to induce traffic accidents, which will bring safety risks to the masses of the people and also have a passive impact on the economic construction. In order to ensure the safety and smoothness of the highway, the health of the bridge after it is put into use should be tested regularly, and the deformation of the bridge caused by geological changes after the earthquake should also be tested in time. In bridge inspection, settlement detection is one of the important indicators of bridge health inspection, and its detection data will be used as an important technical index to reasonably evaluate the service performance of the bridge during its service. For a long time, under the technological conditions of different periods, the majority of highway workers have put forward their own distinctive detection research directions, as well as effective and rapid quantitative methods and techniques for successful detection and evaluation, which have good practical significance for the rational use of funds and resources, the implementation of the optimal replacement plan and maintenance strategy of Bridges, and the prediction of bridge over-limit damage and safe use. It also provides a reliable theoretical basis for bridge management and guarantees the maximization of investment benefits. After years of exploration and practice, in 2020, a kind of economical, practical, fast and accurate detection technology device was adopted to detect the settlement amount of Caoqiaogou Old bridge, a T-shaped beam bridge on the X028 North outer ring west extension road of Hekou District, realizing the purpose of safe, fast, sufficient and comprehensive detection of bridge settlement amount. In order to ensure the safe and smooth bridge, First hand information was provided in a timely manner. This kind of road and bridge settlement survey device technology is discussed from the following aspects.更多还原