【摘要】 基于2012—2018年流动人口动态监测调查数据，实证探讨农村流动人口自雇教育回报率的性别差异。结果显示：(1)女性自雇者的教育回报率显著高于男性，在初中、高中阶段同样如此，大专及以上阶段没有显著的性别差异。(2)女性机会型创业者的教育回报率显著低于男性，但在各教育阶段没有显著的性别差异；女性生存型创业者的教育回报率显著高于男性，在各教育阶段都如此。(3)东部地区女性自雇者的教育回报率显著低于男性，西部地区相反，中部地区没有显著的性别差异。(4)自雇者、生存型创业者、机会型创业者的教育回报率均呈现稳中有升的趋势，且女性机会型创业者教育回报率的增速高于男性。(5)随着时间的变化和教育水平的提高，女性自雇者可能受到的不公平待遇会得到缓解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using CMDS2012—2018 data, this paper empirically explored the gender differences in the return to education of rural-to-urban self-employed migrants. The results showed:(1) The return to education of female self-employed was significantly higher than that of males, the same is true in junior high school and high school, and there was no significant gender difference in college and above.(2) The return to education of female opportunistic entrepreneurs was significantly lower than that of men, but there was no significant gender difference in different education stages; the return to education of female survival entrepreneurs was significantly higher than that of men, and the same is true at all education stages.(3) The return to education of female self-employed in the eastern region was significantly lower than that of men, on the contrary in the western region, and there was no significant gender difference in the central region.(4) The return to education of self-employed, survival entrepreneurs, and opportunistic entrepreneurs all showed a steady upward trend, and the growth rate of return to education for female opportunistic entrepreneurs was higher than that of men.(5) With the change of time and the improvement of education level, the unfair treatment that female self-employed may receive would be alleviated.更多还原