【摘要】 【目的】结合现有苜蓿智慧管理研究进展，提出基于小型无人机+超声波检测在苜蓿智慧管理上的具体应用，为精准农业和苜蓿规模化生产的远程诊断提供思路。【方法】文章以苜蓿为研究对象，以内蒙古呼伦贝尔市谢尔塔拉农牧场为研究区，在总结归纳当前苜蓿智慧管理研究及应用现状的基础上，进行了无人机+超声波的苜蓿田数据采集及应用。【结果】研究进展表明与卫星相比，无人机在农作物识别与长势估算中，识别精度和速度表现出明显优势，苜蓿智慧管理的前提是数据的获取与分析，从无人机获取的代表苜蓿冠层高度信息的DSM数据能够显著提升苜蓿识别精度、苜蓿形态三维建模、苜蓿相对高度估算等方面，实时获取苜蓿生长过程中的相关参数使结果更为可靠。【结论】该文总结现阶段苜蓿智慧管理研究进展，归纳现有研究成果的优势与不足，提出结合无人机采集的高分辨率图像和超声传感器，对不同状况下的苜蓿进行准确数据获取的方法。基于此方法配套相应的苜蓿管理决策支持系统，将可以为用户提供苜蓿长势、产量预测和实时灌溉、施肥等管理策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Purpose]In conjunction with the advancement of research in alfalfa intelligent management, the particular application of small unmanned aerial vehicle and ultrasonic detection in alfalfa intelligent management was presented to give ideas for remote diagnosis of precision agriculture and large-scale alfalfa production.[Method]Taking alfalfa as the research object and in shertaranong pasture,Hulunbuir City,Inner Mongolia as the research area,on the basis of summarizing the current research and application status of Alfalfa intelligent management,the data acquisition and application of Unmanned aerial vehicle and ultrasonic in alfalfa field are carried out. [Result]According to research, when compared to satellite unmanned aerial vehicle in a crop,it appears that the identification and estimation accuracy and speed demonstrated obvious advantages, which is the premise of alfalfa wisdom management data acquisition and analysis,from the representative of the unmanned aerial vehicle for alfalfa canopy height information of DSM data can greatly increase clover, alfalfa form threedimensional modeling accuracy, alfalfa relative height estimate The capture of key characteristics in real-time during alfalfa growth improves the reliability of the results.[Conclusion]This paper summarized the current state of research on alfalfa intelligent management,discussed the benefits and drawbacks of existing research findings,and proposed a method for obtaining accurate data on alfalfa under various conditions by combining highresolution images and ultrasonic sensors collected by unmanned aerial vehicle. The accompanying alfalfa management decision support system will give users alfalfa growth,yield forecast,real-time irrigation and fertilization management techniques based on this technology.更多还原