【摘要】 以蒲公英为原料、无水乙醇为携带剂，以总黄酮萃取率为指标，通过单因素试验和正交试验优化超临界CO₂流体萃取工艺，初步探讨黄酮类萃取物的抗氧化性及抑菌性。试验结果表明：蒲公英中总黄酮的最佳萃取条件为压力30 MPa、温度40℃、时间80 min、乙醇流速3.5 mL·min^-1,萃取率达1.68%±0.02%;黄酮类萃取物对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基（DPPH·）和羟基自由基（·OH）的清除效果与萃取物浓度呈正比关系；黄酮类萃取物对淀粉液化芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和黑曲霉均有抑制效果，对淀粉液化芽孢杆菌的抑制效果最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, with dandelion as raw material, anhydrous ethanol as carrier, and the extraction rate of flavonoids as index, the supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction（SFE-CO₂） process was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, and the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity in vitro of flavonoids extract were discussed. Results showed that the optimum process conditions of extraction were as follows: the pressure of 30 MPa, temperature of 40 ℃, time of 80 min, the flow rate of ethanol 3.5 mL·min^-1. Under such conditions, the extraction rate of flavonoids reached 1.68%±0.02%. The scavenging abilities of flavonoid extract on 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine free radical（DPPH·） and hydroxyl radical（·OH） were positively correlated with the concentration of the flavonoids extract. The antibacterial effect of flavonoids extract was tested by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger. It was showed that flavonoids extract had more effective bacteriostasis on B.amyloliquefaciens than those of E.coli and A.niger.更多还原