【摘要】 过山瑶婚姻家庭习俗的突出特点是两性在婚姻和家庭关系上的相对平权和男方女方的彼此尊重，这有效地化解了一系列与特定婚姻家庭习俗相关的常见社会问题。这种特殊习俗之所以能发挥如此积极的作用，包含在这一整套习俗中的一种重要的结亲协商制度和相应的仪程安排十分关键。通过“问亲”“讲亲”“定亲”“拜大堂”等仪式链环，以仪式主持者为媒介，结亲双方进行务实性的坦诚协商；通过象征性仪式，让圣俗两面一起见证、促成结亲双方的祈愿和承诺。没有务实性的坦诚协商，象征性的仪程将流于形式；而没有象征性仪程的加持，双方的协商约定亦将缺少庄重感、神圣性而可能面临失约的挑战。务实性和象征性是相互渗透、彼此共存、相互为用的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The prominent features of Guoshan Yao’s marriage and family customs have been the relative gender equality in marital and familial relationships and mutual respects between the husband side and the wife side, which can effectively solve a series of common social problems related to specific marital and familial customs. The key reason that these special customs can exert such positive functions owes to an important marriage negotiation regulation and corresponding ceremonial arrangement included in a full set of customs. Through such ritual chains as Inquiry of Marriage, Discussion of Marriage, Engagement of Marriage, and Performance of Wedding, by the medium of ritual host, the consorting spouse carry out frank negotiation with practicality; and through symbolic rituals, the consorting spouse’s wishes and promises are witnessed and promoted both by the divine side and the secular side. Without frank negotiation with practicality, the symbolic rituals become a mere formality; while without the blessing of symbolic rituals, the consorting spouse’s negotiation and agreement will be short of the sense of solemnity and sacredness, so they may have to face the challenge of breaking promises. Practicality and symbolic significance have mutually penetrated, depended on each other, and draw upon reciprocally.更多还原