【摘要】 针对酸性矿山废水处理难、处理费用高等问题，以辽宁（1号麦饭石）、山东（2号麦饭石）和黑龙江（3号麦饭石）3个不同产地的麦饭石为原材料，分别协同硫酸盐还原菌（Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria, SRB）处理酸性矿山废水（Acid Mine Drainage, AMD）,利用单因素试验考察不同产地麦饭石对SRB活性的影响以及生物麦饭石修复AMD的效果，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）对麦饭石进行表征，阐明不同地区生物麦饭石对AMD中污染物的去除机理。结果表明：（1）在不同产地麦饭石对SRB活性影响的单因素试验发现3种不同产地麦饭石均延长了SRB的对数生长期，使培养液的pH由初始的6.86分别增加到8.36、8.33和8.24,均高于对照组的0.698。对SRB活性的影响由大到小为：2号麦饭石>1号麦饭石>3号麦饭石。（2）在生物麦饭石处理AMD的单因素试验中，2号麦饭石麦饭石对AMD的处理效果最好，处理后pH值提高到7.43,Eh降低到-192 mV,OD₆₀₀最大值为0.586,SO■、Fe²⁺和Mn²⁺的最终去除率分别为93.89%、94.45%和80.44%。（3） 3种麦饭石均为片层状结构，表面有沟壑且漏出内部孔隙；其中2号麦饭石较其余2种麦饭石具有更多的孔隙和更大的比表面积，同时SRB可被负载到麦饭石表面，麦饭石中高岭土峰等部分原有峰发生改变，并出现了新的FeS峰、MnS峰和Mn（OH）₂峰。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the problems of difficult and high cost of acid mine wastewater treatment.Medical stone from three different producing areas, Liaoning（No.1 Medical stone）,Shandong（No.2 Medical stone） and Heilongjiang（No.3 Medical stone）,were used as raw materials to treat acid mine drainage（AMD） with Sulfate Reducing Bacteria（SRB）. The single factor experiment was used to investigate the effect of medical stone from different areas on SRB activity and the effect of biological medical stone on AMD repair. Scanning electron microscope（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） were used to characterize biological maifan stone, and the removal mechanism of pollutants in AMD was elucidated. The results show that:（1） The single factor experiment of the effect of maifan stone from different producing areas on SRB activity found that the logarithmic growth period of SRB was prolonged by three kinds of maifan stone from different producing areas. The pH of the medium increased from 6.86 to 8.36,8.33 and 8.24,respectively, which were all higher than 0.698 in the control group. The effect of three kinds of maifan stone from different producing areas on SRB activity was: No.2 maifan stone > No.1 maifan stone > No.3 maifan stone.（2） In the single factor experiment of biological medical stone treatment of AMD,No.2 maifan stone treatment effect of AMD is the best. After treatment, pH value increases to 7.43,Eh decreases to-192 mV,the maximum OD₆₀₀ is 0.586,and the highest removal rates of SO■,Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺ are 93.89%,94.45% and 80.44%,respectively.（3） All the three maifan stone are lamellar structure with gullies on the surface and internal pores. No.2 maifan stone has more pores and larger specific surface area than the other two kinds of maifan stone. SEM and XRD results show that SRB is loaded on the surface of maifan stone, and some of the original peaks such as kaolin peak in maifan stone are changed, and new FeS peak, MnS peak and Mn（OH）₂ peak appear.更多还原