【摘要】 随着水体油类污染造成的环境和健康危害问题日益严重,开发高效、低成本且绿色环保的油水分离材料受到越来越多的关注。木材作为一种可持续、可再生、可生物降解的环境友好型天然材料,具有多尺度分级结构、高度各向异性、丰富的孔隙构造以及结构可调控等特点。直接利用木材的层级多孔结构,通过"自上而下"策略对木材的化学组成、孔隙结构以及表面润湿性进行调控,可为开发高性能油水分离材料提供新思路和新方法。本文从过滤和吸附两种主要的油水分离方式出发,介绍近年来基于天然木材的多孔过滤膜和吸油材料的构建策略,并综述这两类木基功能材料用于分离不混溶油水混合物、油水乳液和水面高黏度原油的最新研究进展,讨论存在的问题以及未来潜在的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and health hazards caused by oil contaminated water, the development of high-efficiency, low-cost, and green oil/water separation materials has attracted more and more attention. As a sustainable, renewable, and biodegradable environment-friendly natural material, wood possesses many advantageous features such as multi-scale hierarchical structure, high anisotropy, abundant pore structure, and diverse tunability. Taking advantage of its hierarchical porous structure directly, wood can be deliberately tuned in terms of its chemical composition, pore structure, and surface wettability through the "top-down" strategy, which can provide new ideas and methods for the development of high-performance oil/water separation materials. In this review, based on the two main oil-water separation methods of filtration and adsorption, the strategies for constructing wood-derived porous filter membranes and oil-absorbing materials in recent years are introduced. The latest research progress is summarized in using these two kinds of wood-based functional materials for separating immiscible oil/water mixtures, oil-water emulsions, and high-viscosity crude oils on water surface. In addition, the existing problems in the research of the wood-based porous oil/water separation materials and the perspectives of the future research direction are also discussed.更多还原