【摘要】 游客感知是旅游目的地管理的重要研究领域。以往研究多基于扎根理论对素材进行人工编码并归纳出范畴，或以对中介变量的假设检验来讨论其形成机制。文章以大连市5家著名景区的10万余条游客评论为资料来源，首先根据游客评分，对评论文本进行正负情感维度划分；然后以TF-IDF和TextRank两种算法对景区游客文本评论抽取关键词，并遵循诠释性研究的范式，提炼出游客正负感知的子范畴和关键范畴；随后，利用LDA主题模型方法测算出上述游客正负感知范畴的权重次序。在此基础上，最终梳理出游客目的地感知形成过程的故事线。研究结果表明：（1）游客感知的表征因素、效用因素、结构因素和特征因素等范畴内蕴含着复杂的正负情感双重维度，并呈现出动态演变的特征。（2）游客感知范畴内的正负情感主题具有显著的差异性。（3）游客正负感知之间的转换和调整，动态演绎出游客对目的地的最终认知与情感。文章建构了游客的目的地感知形成的动态过程，拓展了情感细粒度在游客感知理论的深度，同时拓宽了游客感知理论研究方法的边界。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tourist perception is an important research field in tourism destination management. Previous studies have mostly applied grounded theory to code data manually and summarize the relevant categories; alternatively, they have examined the formation mechanism by hypothesis testing of mediating variables. The present study used as its data source over 100,000 text comments by tourists related to five famous scenic spots in Dalian, China. We applied text-mining methods with machine coding; in that way, we were able to identify and refine the categories related to tourist perception, and we built a process model for the formation of that perception.We first employed two unsupervised algorithms(TF-IDF and TextRank) to encode the text comments of tourists regarding scenic spots; we refined and summarized the key categories of the tourists’ perceptions. Subsequently, we applied the LDA topic model method to organize the hierarchy and priority of the tourist perception categories; we analyzed the weight order of the tourists’ positive and negative perception factors. Adopting that approach, we were able to summarize the process model of the formation of the tourists’ perceptions; we were able to describe in detail the dynamic evolution trend and governing factors related to the formation of tourists’ perceptions.Our findings were as follows.(1) The categories of tourists’ perceptions were mainly concentrated on representation factors, utility factors, structural factors, and characteristic factors.(2) we observed significant levels and priorities in the perception category of tourists; that was mainly reflected in the weight difference between their positive and negative perception factors.(3) Through the contrast between positive and negative perceptions, tourists dynamically adjusted their perceptions and emotional attitudes related to destinations. This study expands the methodical approach to tourist perception research; it provides a valuable reference for developing modern, experiential scenic spots in tourist destinations.更多还原