【摘要】 目的 评价孕前综合社区健康教育模式对孕妇孕早期先天性心脏病（先心病）和唇腭裂知识态度行为的影响。方法 将中山市全部24个镇区随机分为干预组和对照组，每组包含12个镇区。干预组通过设计制定的孕前综合社区健康教育模式进行干预，对照组不改变现存的宣教方式。在实施开始、3个月、6个月，分别选取当月在两组镇区医疗机构或社区卫生中心做早孕登记的所有孕妇为研究对象。采用自行设计的先心病和唇腭裂知识态度行为调查问卷收集数据。比较两组人群的知识态度行为差异及其变化趋势。结果 在实施开始、3个月、6个月3个时点调查对象干预组分别为3 186例、2 244例、2 304例，对照组分别为2 589例、2 444例、2 340例，各组年龄均主要集中在26～30岁，其次为31～35岁。知识和态度方面：3个月后干预组先心病和唇腭裂的知晓率有所上升，且较对照组高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;6个月后干预组“知晓孕妇吸烟或处在吸烟环境中对胎儿发育有害”比例较对照组高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。行为方面：3个月后干预组行为指标均呈下降趋势；6个月后，干预组“最近半年是否住在城市主干道附近”较对照组高，其他指标均无差异。结论 孕前综合社区健康教育模式可以改善辖区内妇女孕早期先心病和唇腭裂知识态度行为，是一级预防的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives To evaluate the effect of pre-pregnancy comprehensive community health education model on knowledge,attitude and behavior of congenital heart disease(CHD)and cheilopalatoschisis in pregnant women in early pregnancy. Methods All the 24 towns in Zhongshan were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,with 12 towns in each group. Intervention group conducted the intervention through the designed pre-pregnancy comprehensive community health education mode,while control group did not change the existing mode. Pregnant women who registered early pregnancy in the two groups of township medical institutions or community health centers at the beginning,3 months and 6 months were selected as subjects. Data were collected by self-designed knowledge,attitude and behavior questionnaire of CHD and cheilopalatoschisis. The differences and trends of knowledge,attitude and behavior between the two groups were compared. Results At the above three time points,there were 3 186 cases,2 244 cases and 2 304 cases in intervention group and 2 589 cases,2 444 cases and 2 340 cases in control group,respectively. The age of each group was mainly concentrated in 26-30 years old,followed by 31-35 years old. Knowledge and attitude:after 3 months,the awareness rate of CHD and cheilopalatoschisis in intervention group increased,and was higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After 6 months,the proportion of“knowing that smoking is harmful to fetal development”in intervention group was higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Behavior:after 3 months,the indicators of intervention group went down;After 6 months,the“living near the main road in the last 6 months”in intervention group was higher than that in control group,and there was no difference in other indicators. Conclusions The comprehensive community health education model before pregnancy can improve the knowledge,attitude and behavior of women with CHD and cheilopalatoschisis in early pregnancy,which is an important measure for primary prevention.更多还原