【摘要】 共价有机骨架(COFs)是一种新兴的结晶多孔材料，因为优异的稳定性、可设计的孔径以及良好的结晶度，在污染物吸附与去除、药物输送、催化等多个领域显示了极大的应用潜力。在过去的20年里，人们在COFs的拓扑结构、孔隙设计等方面进行了深入的研究与总结，但尚未有综述对分层级COFs(HCOFs)的合成方法进行系统地评述，而分层级孔隙的引入能够提高传质速率、增加活性位点，发掘COFs更多的潜力。本文根据合成过程中是否使用反应模板以及模板的类型进行分类，对目前报道的HCOFs的主要合成方法进行了介绍，讨论了层级孔的形成机理，并分析了它们各自的优缺点。最后，总结了HCOFs合成的未来趋势和主要挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) are a kind of crystalline porous materials. They have been widely used in pollutant adsorption and removal, drug delivery, catalytic reaction, and so on due to their excellent stability, designable pore size, and good crystallinity. The control and adjustment of topological structure and pore of COFs have been extensively studied and summarized. However, no reviews have summarized the synthetic methods of hierarchical COFs(HCOFs). The incorporation of hierarchical pores could improve mass transfer efficiency and increase accessible active sites, thus endowing COFs with more potential applications. In this review, the commonly used synthesis methods of HCOFs are classified and introduced depending on using or not using templates, and the template type. Corresponding formation mechanisms of hierarchical pores are discussed, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Finally, the future trends and major challenges of the synthesis methods of HCOFs are outlined.更多还原