【摘要】 本科专业目录是高校专业设置、招生和人才培养的重要指导依据。科学合理、符合我国国情的专业分类有助于优化教育资源配置，提升高等教育人才培养质量。近70年来，我国本科专业分类先后进行了六次重大调整，体现出专业调整幅度过大、各学科门类专业比例失衡、专业目录指令性逐渐减弱等特点。目前，我国本科专业在分类上依然存在专业划分过细、专业分类机制不够完善、学科专业分类的规范式管理体制存在弊端等问题。我国本科专业分类发展需要增强学科的综合性，拓宽专业口径，为新兴、交叉学科发展创造空间，不断完善专业分类机制及增强专业目录的服务性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The catalogue of specialty of undergraduate is the main basis for college admissions, talent training and employment guidance. Whether the classification of undergraduate majors is scientific and reasonable and conforms to China’s national conditions directly affects the quality of its talent training in higher education. In the past 70 years, China has made six major adjustments to the classification of undergraduate majors, reflecting the characteristics of excessive adjustment of majors, high proportion of engineering majors, and gradual weakening of the directive nature of specialty catalogue; The classification of undergraduate majors has problems such as over-division of majors, insufficient professional classification mechanism, and shortcomings in the standardized management system of disciplines and majors. The classification and development of undergraduate majors in China need to enhance the comprehensiveness, wide professional caliber, create conditions for the development of emerging majors and interdisciplinary majors, continuously optimize the classification and setting mechanism of undergraduate majors, and enhance the serviceability of the catalogue of specialty.更多还原