【摘要】 作为老年人口数量第一的大国，中国未来社会经济发展必然与老龄化相伴，关注中老年人力资源的开发和利用具有重要的现实意义。本文使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年四期微观调查数据，基于角色紧张和代际交换理论，从劳动参与和劳动时长两个维度出发，探讨隔代照料对中老年人劳动供给的影响及其内在机制。研究发现，隔代照料显著降低了中老年人的劳动供给；农村中老年群体呈现隔代照料与劳动供给兼顾的状态；养老支持的获得是隔代照料影响中老年人劳动参与的内在机制。当下应积极提高市场化社会托幼资源的有效供给，完善农村养老保障体系，加强劳动供给与养老保障之间的精算关联，最大限度激发中老年人的劳动参与活力，进而实现人口红利的二次激活。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the largest number of elderly people, China’s future development is bound to be accompanied by its aging population. It is of great significance to develop and utilize human resources of the middle-aged and elderly people. Using survey data from four waves of CHARLS in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018, this paper explores the impact of intergenerational care on the labor supply of middle-aged and older adults and its underlying mechanisms. Based on role tension and intergenerational exchange theories, the paper puts a focus on labor participation and working hours. It is found that intergenerational care has significantly reduced labor supply of the middle-aged and elderly people; and obtaining old-age support is the internal mechanism through which intergenerational care affects the labor participation. At present, to promote the secondary activation of the demographic dividend, increasing the supply of social childcare services, improving the rural pension security system, strengthening the actuarial relationship between labor supply and endowment security, and stimulating the labor participation vitality of the middle-aged and the elderly to the greatest extent, are of great importance.更多还原