【摘要】 天然气管道等线性工程会对沿途的野生动物及其栖息地产生一定的影响。文中以北京燃气天津南港LNG应急储备项目外输管道为案例，将途经的北大港湿地自然保护区内的重点保护野生动物作为研究对象，构建指标体系，采用层次分析法量化评价线性工程对野生动物和栖息地产生的影响。结果显示，该管道工程建设项目对野生动物及其栖息地生态影响的综合评价指数(EI)为0.139,表明工程对评价区总体影响较轻微。其中，对栖息地影响评分为0.248,对野生动物影响评分为0.165。根据打分标准和规范可知，该项目实施对这一区域的野生动物及其栖息地会造成一定程度的潜在影响，对栖息地的影响程度大于对野生动物的影响，主要体现在对栖息地的占用和连通性的阻隔会在一定程度上干扰到该区域野生动物迁徙活动。结合施工方案和现状评估得出，对野生动物物种多样性和种群数量的潜在影响是暂时且有限的，随着施工期结束以及实施保护和减缓措施，这类影响会逐渐消失。建议不断优化线性工程的施工方案，尽量减少影响，避开鸟类的迁徙期和繁殖期，尤其应该注意的是线性工程对栖息地连通性的影响，减小土地破碎化，同时与保护区签订相关生态补偿和日常监管协议。研究可为线性工程对野生动物及其栖息地影响评价工作提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Linear engineering projects such as natural gas pipelines construction will have certain negative impacts on wildlife and their habitats along the line. This paper takes Pipeline of Beijing Gas Tianjin Nangang LNG Emergency Reserve Project as a case, and constructs an index system and uses the analytic hierarchy process to quantitatively evaluate the effect of this linear engineering project on the key protected wild animals and their habitats in the Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation index(EI) for the effect of the pipeline project on wildlife and their habitats is valued at 0.139, indicating that the project has a slight impact on the evaluation area, while the impact score on habitat is 0.248 and the impact score on wildlife is 0.165. According to the standards and criteria for scoring, it finds that the implementation of the project will have certain potential impact on wildlife and their habitats in this area, including the occupation of habitats and the blocking of connectivity, which could interfere the migration of wildlife in this area to some extent. The assessment of the pipeline construction plan and the current implementation indicates that the project only has temporary and limited potential impact on the diversity of wildlife species and population, which will however gradually disappear when the construction project comes to the end and if protection and mitigation measures have been adopted. It is suggested that the construction plan should be continuously optimized to minimize its impact on the key protected animals and their habitats in the areas along the line, and the construction activities should circumvent the migration and breeding period of birds. Particular attention should be paid to the impact of linear engineering projects on habitat connectivity, so as to minimize land fragmentation. Agreements should be signed with the Nature Reserve for ecological compensation and daily supervision. It is hoped that this study would provide a valuable reference for assessing the impact of similar linear engineering on wild animals and their habitats.更多还原