【摘要】 1920年，哈佛大学在美国率先突破传统的博士培养类型限制，创立了彰显实践性特色的教育博士专业学位，为美国教育领域培养了大批高层次的应用型人才。但在其发展过程中，教育博士学位也面临着诸多的问题和挑战。哈佛大学结合实际对教育领域两种博士学位制度从目标定位、课程设计及实践安排进行了变革与创新，创建了特色鲜明的教育领导博士学位和教育哲学博士学位项目。哈佛大学两种学位制度对我国研究和实践取向的适度分化，学科兼容、师资互济的新型培养模式的构建，以及处理好两种学位共性与差异性关系等方面具有一定的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 1920,Harvard University took the lead in breaking through the limitation of traditional doctoral training types in the United States,and established a professional degree of Doctor of Education(EdD)with practical characteristics,which trained a large number of high-level applied talents in the field of American education.But in the process of its development,EdD also faced many problems and challenges.Combining with the reality,Harvard University has reformed and innovated the two doctoral degree systems in terms of target positioning,curriculum design and practical arrangements,and has created distinctive programs for the Doctor of Education Leadership and the Doctor of Philosophy in Education.These two degree systems of Harvard University have some enlightenments for China’s moderate differentiation of research and practice orientation,the construction of a new training model with compatible disciplines and mutual assistance of teachers,and the handling of the relationship between the commonness and difference of the two degrees.更多还原